海南热带土壤有机质结合态重金属库的组成与调控

项目名称： 海南热带土壤有机质结合态重金属库的组成与调控

项目编号： No.21467007

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 吴蔚东

作者单位： 海南大学

项目金额： 52万元

中文摘要： 重金属与土壤中的各种组分经过一系列复杂反应以不同形态存在于土壤中，使土壤成为生物可利用重金属的蓄积库。有机质作为土壤最重要的组成成分和活性物质，与重金属结合形成的土壤有机质结合态重金属是土壤重金属库的重要组成部分。 本项目首次提出土壤有机质结合态重金属库及其组成的概念和定量测定方法，以海南热带具有高、中、低有机质含量的土壤作为研究对象，模拟不同污染水平的单一和复合重金属污染条件，通过培养试验和盆栽试验，研究不同土壤的有机质结合态重金属库饱和容量的大小、影响因素、组成特点和形成机制，土壤有机质结合态重金属库的饱和度与重金属生物有效性的关系，以及以生物炭作为外源有机质调节土壤有机结合态重金属库容量的可行性与机制，为系统了解海南热带土壤有机质结合态重金属库的形成、揭示其对重金属污染缓冲性能的作用机制、为预防与修复海南热带土壤重金属污染提供科学依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 海南热带；土壤有机结合态重金属库；组成；调控机制

英文摘要： Derived from a series and complex chemical reactions, soil heavy metal is an important pool of available metal for plant after heavy metals enter soil and react with different components of it and accumulated in various forms. As a key component and chemically active material in soil, organic matter combines with metals, and the resulted soil organic matter-metal complex is an essential part of soil metal pool. The concept of soil organically bound heavy metal pool and its composition, and their quantitative determination methods are proposed for the first time in the proposal. Incubation and pot experiment are to be conducted with soils, that have high,middle and low organic matter contens from tropical Hainan and are to be treated with single and mixed heavy metal to simulate different level of metal pollution, to study the saturated capacity, affacting factors, composition chracteristics and forming mechanism of soil organically bound heavy metal pool, to study the effects of the percent of soil organically bound heavy metal pool satutrtion on soil bioavailability of metals, and the feasibility and mechanism of using biochar as exogenous soil organic matter to adjust the capacity of soil organically bound heavy metal pool, in order to understand systematically the formation of soil organically bound heavy metal pool, and the buffuring mechanism of it to soil heavy metal pollution, and to prevent and restore soil in tropical Hainan from heavy metal pollution.

英文关键词： Tropical Hainan;organic matter combined heavy metal pool;composition;control