梯度核壳粒子的制备及其对聚合物增强增韧机理的研究

项目名称： 梯度核壳粒子的制备及其对聚合物增强增韧机理的研究

项目编号： No.51473047

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 施德安

作者单位： 湖北大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 在冲击应力下，含有刚性内核及薄层橡胶外壳的核壳粒子增韧聚合物体系中，壳层橡胶发生空穴化形成的纤维状结构是否稳定是体系获得高冲击韧性的关键。橡胶层较厚，体系冲击强度高，但拉伸强度会有较大下降；若为了提高拉伸强度而减小橡胶层厚度，材料在冲击断裂时过薄的橡胶层会因为刚性内核不能形变而被拉断，大大降低冲击韧性。只有刚性内核也能发生大形变才能使薄层橡胶形成的纤维稳定。因此，在无机刚性内核与橡胶层之间必须存在一个能在冲击应力下形变且有较高强度的过渡层，才有望在增韧体系韧性提高的同时保持高强度。本课题拟制备以PA或PMMA为基体树脂，以PB或PBA为橡胶层，SiO2为内核，低玻璃化温度、高拉伸强度的PVDF为过渡层的梯度核壳粒子为增韧剂的增韧体系，研究增韧体系拉伸、冲击强度和脆韧转变与梯度核壳粒子粒径、含量、橡胶层和过渡层厚度之间的关系，探究梯度核壳粒子增韧机理。为制备高性能聚合物基复合材料提供新方法。

中文关键词： 梯度材料；核壳粒子；高分子复合材料；增韧机理

英文摘要： In the polymers toughened by core shell particles with rigid core and soft rubber shell, the stabilization of the rubber fibrils formed by the cavitation of rubber shell under impact stress is the key factor that result in high impact toughness. The thicker the rubber shell is, the higher the impact strength and the lower the tensile strength should be.Although thinner rubber shell will favor to incerase the tensile strength of the toughening system, the impact strength will sharply decrease along with the broken up of rubber fibrils during the impact fracture of the sample. The stabilization of rubber fibrils can only be realized when the rigid core can also be deformed under impact condition.For inorganic rigid core, the only way to get both high impact and tensile strength for the toughening system is that a transition polymer layer with high tensile strength but low glass transition temperature, which can be deformed under fast strain rate (impact condition). In this project, PA and PMMA will be used as polymer matrix, PB and PBA is the rubber shell,SiO2 is rigid core, PVDF is the transition layer.The relationship between the mechaincal properties(such as tensile and impact strength, brittle ductile transition behavior) and the particle characteristics (such as particle size, content,transition layer and rubber shell thickness) will be thoroughly studied. The toughening mechnasim of such gradient core shell particles will be elucidated. And new method for preparing high performing polymer composites will be proposed.

英文关键词： gradient material;core shell particle;polymer composites;toughening mechanism