提高硼酸铝晶须增强2024铝复合材料高温热稳定性和耐磨性的界面设计及性能研究

项目名称： 提高硼酸铝晶须增强2024铝复合材料高温热稳定性和耐磨性的界面设计及性能研究

项目编号： No.51201052

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 金属材料学科

项目作者： 岳红彦

作者单位： 哈尔滨理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 硼酸铝晶须增强铝基复合材料界面润湿性差、高温下铝基体中镁元素与硼酸铝晶须发生严重的界面反应，显著降低该复合材料的力学性能，限制了其使用，特别是在高温下的使用。本项目采用溶胶-凝胶结合超声分散工艺制备了均匀、分散的ZnO纳米涂覆的硼酸铝晶须，挤压铸造时，利用ZnO和熔融铝合金的反应提高界面润湿性，首先制备出室温下高性能的复合材料，同时上述反应在界面处形成均匀的产物在高温下可以阻碍复合材料基体中镁元素和硼酸铝晶须严重界面反应的发生，从而最终获得高温下力学性能优异的复合材料。本课题在纳米涂覆晶须设计界面的基础上，深入研究纳米涂覆硼酸铝晶须增强铝基复合材料的界面润湿、界面反应以及涂覆量对强度和塑性的影响规律和机理，复合材料高温下的热稳定性和高耐磨性机理。通过本课题界面设计和优化将为铝基复合材料设计、制备和性能提高提供理论支持，也为制备高温下热稳定性和高耐磨性的铝基复合材料提供一种新思路。

中文关键词： 硼酸铝晶须；铝基复合材料；高温稳定性；氧化锌；传感器

英文摘要： Poor interfacial wettability and serious interfacial reaction between magnesium in the matrix and aluminum borate whiskers at high temperatures significantly reduce the mechanical properties of aluminum borate whiskers reinforced aluminum matrix composite, limiting its use, especially, at high temperatures. In this study, uniform ZnO nano-coating of aluminum borate whiskers is prepared by a sol-gel process and an ultrasonic dispersion technique. During squeeze casting, ZnO coating of whiskers reacts with molten aluminum to improve the interfacial wettability, so the composite with high properties are obtained at room temperature, at the same time, the uniform reaction product formed at the interface can hinder the severe interface reaction between magnesium in the matrix and the whiskers at high temperatures. Eventually, the exellent mechanical properties of the composite are obtained at high temperatures. On the basis of interface design by nano-coating of whiskers, the interfacial wettability and interfacial reaction of ZnO nano-coated aluminum borate whiskers reinforced aluminum matrix composite are investigated in details. The effect of the coating contents on the strength and plasticity of the composite,and the thermal stability and wear resistance mechanism of the composite at high temperatures are also in

英文关键词： Aluminum borate whiskers；Aluminum matrix composites；Stability at high temperatures；ZnO；Sensor