基于核壳结构的中低温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极构筑及其界面特性研究

项目名称： 基于核壳结构的中低温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极构筑及其界面特性研究

项目编号： No.51502103

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 贾礼超

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 基于固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）长期稳定运行的考虑，降低其工作温度已成为研究者的共识。随着温度降低而带来的最大科学挑战是阴极所产生的活化损耗。近年来开发的钙钛矿型阴极材料Ba1-xSrxCo1-yFeyO3-δ（BSCF）尽管在中低温下表现出良好的催化活性，但同时也存在材料稳定性差和CO2毒化等问题。本项目采用微波法和溶液注入法可控组装具有核壳结构的复合阴极，即以离子导电性较好的BSCF为核体，表面致密包覆一层高电子电导的La1-xSrxMnO3-δ（LSM）或La1-xSrxCoO3-δ（LSC）材料，从而实现复合阴极在稳定性和抗CO2毒化方面的双重优化。在此基础之上，结合理论计算和实验研究，探究核壳型复合阴极的微观结构和界面特征对SOFC阴极氧还原性能的影响机制，获得对复合阴极结构稳定性和成分演变的规律性认识，最终研制出具有新颖核壳结构的、适用于中低温SOFC的高性能阴极。

中文关键词： 固体氧化物燃料电池；阴极；核壳结构；氧还原；第一性原理

英文摘要： Reducing the operation temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has become a consensus among researchers for the beneficial of long-time running. However, several major issues associated with the reduced operating temperature are the increase in electrode resistivities and the polarization losses of electrode reactions, particularly the oxygen reduction reaction in the cathode. Newly developed perovskite cathode material Ba1-xSrxCo1-yFeyO3-δ (BSCF) has shown high catalytic activity under low-temperature, yet it has critical problems on stability and CO2 tolerance. In this project, microwave method and impregnation method will be used to prepare core-shell compound cathode. The core is made of BSCF material with high oxygen bulk diffusivity, while the shell is composed of materials with high electronic conductivity and good CO2 poisoning resistance, such as La1-xSrxMnO3-δ (LSM) and La1-xSrxCoO3-δ (LSC). Base on this structure, both the stability and CO2 tolerance could be enhanced. The relationship of microstructure, interface and cathode oxygen reduction performance will be studied. Experimental methods and theoretical calculations will be used to study the structure stability and component changes and clarify the shell’s effect on stable the cathode. Finally high performance cathode with novel core-shell structure will be developed for intermediate and low temperature SOFCs.

英文关键词： solid oxide fuel cell;cathode;core-shell structure;oxygen reduction;first principle