北极地区大气气溶胶遥感定量研究

项目名称： 北极地区大气气溶胶遥感定量研究

项目编号： No.41501385

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 梅林露

作者单位： 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 虽然北极地区气溶胶含量较中低纬度地区低，但气溶胶导致的气候效应却极其强烈。研究表明，过去三个世纪北极地区升温1.48±0.28°C，其中气溶胶导致的升温效应占1.09±0.81°C。Nature和Science近期密集发表多篇关于北极地区气溶胶研究成果，展示了遥感获取北极地区气溶胶光学特性的重要性和紧迫性。本项目立足北极地区高亮冰雪下垫面气溶胶卫星遥感反演国际难题，着眼获取北极圈无云区气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）全覆盖遥感产品；通过地基观测与模式模拟，获取北极地区气溶胶类型信息；通过对北极地区冰雪下垫面地表二向反射特性的精确表达，利用遥感卫星在北极地区密集重访特性，实现北极地区地表与气溶胶贡献的地气分离，构建冰雪下垫面AOD反演算法，突破冰雪下垫面AOD数据空缺的瓶颈，为北极地区大气气溶胶研究提供理论和算法支撑。通过北极地区国际联合观测实验数据共享，完成遥感反演结果验证分析。

中文关键词： 气溶胶；光学厚度；多光谱遥感；可见光-近红外遥感

英文摘要： The Arctic climate is extremely sensitive to small changes in atmospheric composition, expressed in terms of the low amount of aerosol optical depth (AOD) compared with middle/low latitude regions. During the last three decades the Arctic environment has experienced a warming of 1.48 ± 0.28 ◦C and 1.09 ± 0.81 ◦C can be explained by the changes in aerosol forcing. Recently, several insensitive publications on <Nature> and <Science> related to the aerosol in the Arctic region show the importance and urgency of remote sensing of aerosol properties over the Arctic region. This project aims at solving the international difficult aerosol properties retrieval problem over very bright surface, and obtaining full-coverage AOD products for cloudless areas over the Arctic region. The aerosol type can be obtained by the in-situ measurements and simulation data analysis. With the accurate snow/ice bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model, the decoupling of surface and aerosol contribution can be achieved by utilizing the high-temporal visiting characteristics of satellite over the Arctic region. And then aerosol retrieval algorithm over the Arctic region can be developed especially for snow/ice underlying surfaces, where there is lack of AOD product retrieved from satellite data. The developed algorithm can theoretically support the aerosol researches over this region. The sharing dataset collected from the international Arctic observation groups will be used for evaluating the AOD data.

英文关键词： Aerosol;Optical Depth;Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing;visible and near-infrared remote sensing