基于基因组DNA分子表面增强拉曼光谱、傅利叶红外光谱的山茶亚属植物鉴定及亲缘关系分析

项目名称： 基于基因组DNA分子表面增强拉曼光谱、傅利叶红外光谱的山茶亚属植物鉴定及亲缘关系分析

项目编号： No.31460238

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 心理学

项目作者： 邱璐

作者单位： 楚雄师范学院

项目金额： 48万元

中文摘要： 山茶亚属是山茶科山茶属的观赏茶花，云南是世界茶花分布的中心。山茶科植物在进化上相对原始，系统分类争议较大，而传统形态分类存在受环境影响和人为因素影响的问题。该研究通过SERS、FTIR光谱侦探DNA分子的结构与组成，从DNA分子水平对亲缘关系进行分析，对物种进行鉴定。通过改良的CTAB法提取基因组DNA，使用紫外分光光度计对基因组DNA分子进行质量检测，使用自主研发的纳米银银胶作为SERS光谱的表面增强剂，建立DNA分子SERS、FTIR标准光谱。对光谱数据进行定性分析、方差显著性分析、主成分分析、人工神经网络分析、遗传算法分析、系统聚类分析、亲缘关系分析，建立基于基因组DNA分子SERS、FTIR光谱的山茶亚属物种鉴定和亲缘关系分析的新方法、新体系、新模型，对传统分类进行有效的补充与完善，解决茶花品种混乱、分类和来源争议问题，对茶花新品种的研发、保护及系统分类具有重要的理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 生物物理；核酸检测；生物大分子

英文摘要： Subgenus Camellia is the ornamental flowers of Genius Camellia from Theaceaea. Yunnan is the distribution centers of camellia in the world. Theaceae plants are relatively primitive in evolution, and system classification are controversial. Traditional morphological classification is affected by environmental and artificial factors. This research detects structure and composition of the DNA molecule by used SERS, FTIR spectra to analyze the genetic relationship and identify species at DNA molecular level. SERS and FTIR standard spectra of genomic DNAs are built by extracting genomic DNAs using modified CTAB method, and using ultraviolet spectrophotometer for quality testing of genomic DNAs, and using nanometer silver collosol and silver glueas developed independently as surface strengthening agent of SERS spectra. A new method, the new system and the new model of genetic relationship analysis and species identification based on SERS, FTIR spectra of genomic DNAs from the plants of Subgenus camellia by qualitative analysis, the significance of variance analysis, principal component analysis, artificial neural network, genetic algorithm analysis, genetic relationship analysis and system cluster analysis. The confusion of camellia varieties and the disputes of classification and origin can be solved. It has important theoretical and practical significance for research, development, protection and system classification of new varieties of camellia.

英文关键词： biophhysics;nucleic acid text;biomacromolecule