项目名称: 航空运输业噪声与排放环境外部成本评估及其演变研究
项目编号: No.U1233126
项目类型: 联合基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 电子学与信息系统
项目作者: 陈林
作者单位: 中国民航管理干部学院
项目金额: 38万元
中文摘要: 随着我国航空运输业的快速发展,其产生的噪声和排放污染日益严重。如何测算航空运输业噪声和排放的环境外部成本并作为利用市场手段治理噪声和排放的突破口已经刻不容缓。项目综合运用经济学、环境与资源科学、计量经济学等多学科理论与方法,主要进行如下四个方面的研究:一是评估、预测我国航空运输业噪声与排放的数量和水平;二是利用特征价格法(HPM),通过引入噪声贬值指数、机场噪声等值线等变量构建考虑“暴露-反应”关系的航空运输业噪声环境外部成本测算模型和不同机型/发动机的分配模型;三是利用国际民航组织(ICAO)的发动机排放数据库对起飞着陆(LTO)阶段和巡航阶段独立构建航空运输业排放环境外部成本测算模型;四是利用建立的模型对首都机场和北京-上海航线等进行实证研究,并分析、归纳航空运输业噪声和排放的环境外部成本与其发展之间的演变规律。项目研究成果可用于我国航空运输业噪声与排放的治理以及机场建设的可行性研究。
中文关键词: 航空运输业;噪声;排放;环境外部成本;测算
英文摘要: With the rapid development of air transport industry in China, the pollutions of noise and emissions are becoming more and more serious. As the breakthrough of using market means to control noise and emissions, how to calculate the noise and emissions environmental external cost of air transport industry is very urgent. Comprehensively using the theories and methods of economics, environmental and resource science, econometrics and other disciplines, the project mainly focuses on the following four aspects: firstly, assesses and predicts the amount and level of noise and emissions caused by Chinese air transport industry; secondly, using the basic thought of hedonic price method (HPM), introducing the noise depreciation index, airport noise contours and other variables, constructs the calculation model of noise environmental external cost caused by air transport industry and different aircraft types/engines distribution model, considering the “exposure-response” relationship; thirdly, using the engine emission database of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), independently constructs the calculation models of emissions environmental external cost caused by air transport industry for takeoff and landing ( LTO ) phase and cruise phase; fourthly, using the models, empirically researches on the capital
英文关键词: air transport industry;noise;emissions;environmental external cost;calculation