盐分胁迫条件下设施番茄根系吸氮模型构建

项目名称： 盐分胁迫条件下设施番茄根系吸氮模型构建

项目编号： No.51509005

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 王利春

作者单位： 北京市农林科学院

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 设施栽培可以周年生产蔬菜，显著提高了土地的利用率与产出率。由于设施封闭的环境和高投入的水肥管理模式，表层土壤盐分富集现象已经普遍发生。在盐分胁迫条件下，作物根系吸收功能会受到抑制。本项目拟以番茄为研究对象，通过布置水培、盆栽和设施生产试验，设置不同的氮素与盐分梯度，致力于探索盐分胁迫条件下番茄根系吸氮与土壤盐分、氮素及根系吸水之间的定量关系。同时，应用部分已有的根系吸水、吸氮模型构建理论及研究成果，构建盐分胁迫条件下的番茄根系吸氮模型，并对番茄栽培土壤水分、盐分、氮素运移耦合模型进行完善，同步模拟盐分胁迫条件下土壤水分、氮素、盐分动态。基于模拟结果，对灌溉施肥制度进行优化，为提高水分、氮素利用效率提供科学依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 土壤水氮运移；盐分胁迫；设施栽培；根系吸氮

英文摘要： Under protected cultivation, vegetables could be produced around the whole year, significantly improving land utilization efficiency and crop output. However, salt accumulation in topsoil has become a common problem due to the closed environment and high input of water/fertilizer. Root uptake ability can be inhibited by saline stress. In this project, we will perform the hydroponic, pot and field experiments in tomato plants with different salt and nitrogen treatments, in order to explore the quantitative relation among tomato root nitrogen uptake, soil nitrogen, soil salt and root water uptake under saline stress. Meanwhile, we will build a root nitrogen uptake model under saline stress in tomato plant based on water/nitrogen uptake theories and data collected from our experiments. We will improve soil water-nitrogen-salt transport coupling model using the established root nitrogen uptake model under saline stress. The modified soil-nitrogen-salt transport coupling model will be used to simulate soil water, nitrogen and salt dynamics synchronously under saline stress, and optimize reasonable irrigation and N fertilization schedule. The results of this project could provide scientific basis and technical support for improving water and nitrogen use efficiency.

英文关键词： soil water/nitrogen transport;saline stress;protected culture;root nitrogen uptake