稻瘟病隐性抗病新基因pi55的精细定位及克隆

项目名称： 稻瘟病隐性抗病新基因pi55的精细定位及克隆

项目编号： No.31471175

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 何秀英

作者单位： 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 稻瘟病是一种世界性的真菌病害，抗病品种的培育和种植是控制该病害最为经济有效的方法，而抗病基因的精细定位及克隆是抗病育种的关键。在前期的工作中，申请人在华南稻作区骨干品种粤晶丝苗2号中发现了1个新的隐性主效抗病基因pi55，并将该基因定位于染色体8约1.9 cM/152 kb的区域内。在此基础上，为了进一步开发和利用这个新型的稻瘟病抗性基因，本项目拟开展以下研究：（1）通过扩大作图群体和开发候选抗病基因标记对目的基因进行精细定位；（2）通过电子图位克隆技术分离、克隆候选基因；（3）通过功能获得性及功能丧失性遗传技术验证候选基因的功能；（4）利用功能基因组学的方法，阐明该基因的结构及功能；（5）通过其重组自交系群体，筛选、鉴定该基因的近等基因系，并实证其育种学用途。本项目的开展将有助于更加全面地解析水稻对稻瘟病的抗病机制，对培育广谱和持久抗病的水稻新品种具有重要的参考和实践意义。

中文关键词： 稻瘟病；隐性新抗病基因；基因精细定位；基因克隆；基因功能

英文摘要： The rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most important fungal disease worldwide. The use of resistance cultivars is considered as the most economic, effective and environmental friendly method for the disease control. In the previous study, we have identified a novel recessive resistance gene pi55 in the elite cultivar Yuejingsimiao 2, which was localized into an interval ≈1.9 cM/152 kb on chromosome 8. In the present project, the pi55 locus will be finely mapped by using a larger population with its candidate resistance genes-derived markers. The candidate(s) of pi55 will be isolated via map-based cloning in silico, and then will be characterized via gain-of-function and loss-of-function genetic approaches. The structure and function of pi55 will be further dissected via functional genomic approach.Meanwhile the near-genic line of pi55 will be identified from its advanced reconbinant inbreed line (RIL) population.The present project will improve our knowlegment on the mechanism of recessive resistance genes in broad-spectrum resistance of rice blast. Also, it will be an important reference for breeding new rice cultivars with road-spectrum and durable disease resistance.

英文关键词： rice blast;new recessive R gene;gene fine mapping;gene cloning;gene function