基于仿生磁性石墨烯构筑球形DNA扩增的免疫传感器检测微囊藻毒素的研究

项目名称： 基于仿生磁性石墨烯构筑球形DNA扩增的免疫传感器检测微囊藻毒素的研究

项目编号： No.21475047

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 高分子科学

项目作者： 刘英菊

作者单位： 华南农业大学

项目金额： 88万元

中文摘要： 微囊藻毒素(microcystins，MCs) 带来的水质和食品安全问题已成为全球环境卫生组织关注的焦点。本项目将针对多种MCs异构体制备抗体，以聚多巴胺为纳米粘合剂在石墨烯表面异质组装磁性纳米材料作为免疫传感器的基底固定，以链式扩增、滚环扩增等新型DNA扩增方式制备球形DNA物作为免疫传感器的标记物，构筑具有增敏效应的MCs免疫传感器。在研究纳米材料生物活性的基础上，既协同利用石墨烯和磁性纳米材料类过氧化物酶的性质提高基底响应，又充分发挥球形DNA标记物在空间的延展效应减小空间位阻、增加探针结合位点提高末端响应，从而实现水产品中MCs的专一、灵敏检测。 本项目的完成，将为MCs的检测提供新技术，为环境小分子的分析提供新方法，为免疫传感器的研制提供新研究手段。并通过分析MCs在不同水产品和流域的分布情况，进而评估消费者食用水产品对MCs的暴露风险，为MCs的污染控制和治理提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 免疫分析；免疫传感器；信号放大；纳米材料

英文摘要： Microcystins (MCs) in the water quality safe and food safe have become a global focus on the environmental heath problems. This project aims to prepare antigens and antibodies of different MCs isomers, and then the signal-amplified immunosensors for MCs are prepared. During this process, a novel material, bionic magnetic graphene, which is prepared using polydopamine as heterogeneous adhesives to assemble magnetic particles on graphene, is used as the substrate of the immunosensor, while nanomaterial-marked spherical DNA amplified product, which is prepared from different DNA primers with the aid of hybridization chain reaction and rolling circle amplification, is used as the detection signal. After the investigation of the bioactivities of nanomaterials, not only can the synergetic peroxidase-like properties of graphene and magnetic particles increase the current response of the substrate, but also the extension effect of spherical DNA product can reduce the steric hindrance and increase the binding sites of probes, thus the sensitive and selective detection of MCs in aquatic products can be achieved. The completeness of this project will provide a new detection technology for MCs, a new analytical method for the environmental molecules and a new investigation tool for the construction of immunosensors. In addition, by analyzing the amount of MCs in different aquatic products and different watersheds, the risk exposure of MCs to consumers can be assessed by taking the aquatic products, thus it can provide theoritical basis for the contamination control and governance of MCs.

英文关键词： Immunoassay;Immunosensor;Signal amplification;Nanomaterials