复杂约束下公交车辆与乘务员集成调度模型与方法研究

项目名称： 复杂约束下公交车辆与乘务员集成调度模型与方法研究

项目编号： No.71501064

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 陈仕军

作者单位： 湖北文理学院

项目金额： 17.4万元

中文摘要： 针对我国公交调度中普遍采用人工经验或顺序调度方法（即先进行车辆调度，再进行乘务员调度），难以达到运营资源的全局优化配置，以及一系列复杂特色约束难以处理等问题，本项目拟围绕复杂约束下公交车辆与乘务员集成调度模型与方法展开研究。主要内容包括两个方面：1）分析和提炼诸如人车捆绑、中式用餐、多车型、换班次数限制、换班时间窗等具我国特色约束的本质特征及其对公交车辆调度和乘务员调度的影响因素，研究集成调度模式下车辆与乘务员资源间的耦合关系，定义复杂约束下公交车辆与乘务员的集成调度科学问题，并建立复杂约束下公交车辆和乘务员的集成调度数学模型；2）基于大规模整数规划分解理论与方法，融合禁忌搜索、变邻域搜索等元启发式方法，研究公交集成调度模型的高效混合优化求解方法。此项研究将能够帮助公交运营企业大幅降低运营成本、提高资源利用效益和服务水平，同时对求解如机器排序、车辆路径等资源调度问题也具重要借鉴意义。

中文关键词： 公交集成调度；复杂约束；整数规划；元启发式算法

英文摘要： In public transit of China, vehicle and crew scheduling are usually compiled manually or sequentially, i.e. vehicle scheduling is firstly compiled and then crew scheduling is compiled according to the results of vehicle scheduling. However, it’s hard to achieve the optimal scheduling solutions since vehicles and crews are restricted mutually. Moreover, a serial of Chinese complex constraints can’t be dealt with in traditional scheduling approach. This project is to study an integrated vehicle and crew scheduling approach with considering Chinese complex constraints. The research consists of the following two main parts: The first is to analyze and extract the essential characteristics of Chinese complex constraints such as crews bundled with vehicles, Chinese meal break, multiple vehicle types, restriction on number of relief, time windows of relief, etc. Based on exploration of coupling relationship of vehicles and crews, we then define the scientific problem of integrated vehicle and crew scheduling problem with complex constraints, and establish appropriate mathematical formulation. The second is to solve the integrated formulation by combing math programming approaches with metaheuristic algorithms such as tabu search, variable neighbourhood search. This project is proposed to be helpful for bus companies to increase the utilization of resources and managerial levels. And the research fruits would also be helpful to solve other similar resource scheduling problems such as machine scheduling, vehicle routing.

英文关键词： public transit scheduling;complex constraints;integer programming;metaheuristic algorithm