亚适宜温光下黄瓜氮吸收与代谢的生理与分子机制研究

项目名称： 亚适宜温光下黄瓜氮吸收与代谢的生理与分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31272212

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 于贤昌

作者单位： 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 长期亚适宜温光环境是引起我国冬春季节设施黄瓜产量和品质下降的主要因素。我们的前期研究发现，亚适宜温光处理使黄瓜叶片氮含量明显降低，生物量显著减少。亚适宜温光环境可能通过影响黄瓜氮的吸收、转运与代谢从而降低了黄瓜的产量与品质。本项目以人工气候室模拟亚适宜温光环境，研究温度、光照强度、氮肥施用量与硝铵比等对黄瓜生长、氮含量、氮吸收、转运与代谢相关酶活性及其基因表达的影响，阐明亚适宜温光环境影响黄瓜氮吸收、转运与代谢的生理与分子机制，弄清亚适宜温光环境下黄瓜氮吸收规律和需氮量，为合理施用氮肥提高冬春季节设施黄瓜产量，改善设施黄瓜品质提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 黄瓜；日光温室；亚适宜温光；氮；赤霉素

英文摘要： Yield and quality of cucumber cultured in greenhouses in winter and spring in northern China were declined by long-term stress of suboptimal temperature and photon flux density. Our previous studies found that nitrogen content in cucumber leaves and biomass of cucumber were significantly declined by stress of suboptimal temperature and photon flux density. This decline may be induced by the decrease of nitrogen absorption, transportation and metabolism. In the project, artificial climate chambers would be used to imitate suboptimal stress, the cucumber growth, nitrogen content, activities and expression of enzymes related to nitrogen absorption,transportation and metabolism under conditions of different temperature, photon flux intensity, quantities of nitrogen fertilizer and ratio of nitrate to ammonia would be studied. The aim of this project is to clarify the physiological and molecular mechanisms of nitrogen absorption, transportation and metabolism and the law and amount of nitrogen uptake of cucumber under suboptimal temperature and photon flux density condition and to provide a scientific basis for reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer to improve yields and quality of cucumber cultured in greenhouses in winter and spring in northern China.

英文关键词： cucumber；sunlight greenhouse；suboptimal photon flux density and temperature；nitrogen；gibberellin