非线性物理中怪波特性和物理机制以及相关问题研究

项目名称： 非线性物理中怪波特性和物理机制以及相关问题研究

项目编号： No.11475135

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 杨战营

作者单位： 西北大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 怪波是海域中振幅极大且来无踪去无影的奇异水波，由于怪波对人类航海安全造成巨大的危害，研究怪波现象生成和演化的物理机制已是科学家普遍关注的热点问题之一。本课题立足于已有的实验事实和理论模型，借助实验上易操作的非线性物理系统，对于多种非线性可积和准可积物理系统，求解怪波解的解析形式，探究不同物理系统中怪波现象产生的物理机制，讨论怪波与孤子、呼吸子之间的相变问题，验证暗怪波在单分量非线性方程中的存在，同时将处理高阶效应下怪波现象的产生和演化的物理机制。进一步，我们求解复杂的多组分耦合系统中的怪波解，并利用解析结果讨论多怪波的碰撞以及怪波与其他非线性波（孤子、呼吸子）相互作用的性质，设计激发光怪波的非线性光学系统，分析各个实验参数、因素以及实际物理效应对怪波现象物理机制的影响，从而建立一套有效的分析和解释怪波现象方法，充分认识怪波的物理本质和特性，达到避免和甚至利用怪波的目的。

中文关键词： 怪波；物理机制；非线性物理

英文摘要： Rogue waves which appear occasionally in the ocean can reach the large amplitudes and appear from nowhere and disappear without a trace. Due to the damages of the navigation safety caused by the rogue waves, the physical mechanisms of the rogue waves attract great attention. We intend to use a variety of methods to solve the equations of the integrable and quasi-integrable nonlinear physical systems exactly and obtain the analytical form of the rogue waves'solutions, based on the existing experimental facts and theoretical model. Then, we explore the physical mechanisms of rogue waves in different nonlinear physical systems, discuss the phase transition between the rogue waves, solitons, and breathers, verify the existence of dark strange wave in a single component nonlinear equations, and study the influence of the high order effects on the rogue waves. We also solve the equations of the multicomponent coupled systems to discuss the collisions between the rogue waves. We design the nonlinear optical system to generate the optical rogue waves, and analyze the influence of various experimental parameters and factors on the rogue waves. Thus, we establish an effective method of analysis and interpretation of the rogue wave phenomenon, understand the physical properties of the rogue waves, and achieve the goal to prevent, even use the rogue waves.

英文关键词： rogue wave;physical mechanism;nonlinear physics