基于pH刺激的浸矿微生物协同作用机制

项目名称： 基于pH刺激的浸矿微生物协同作用机制

项目编号： No.31200382

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 曾伟民

作者单位： 中南大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 生物冶金基础理论发展较慢，许多科学问题亟待解决，如各种环境因子胁迫下浸矿微生物的协同作用机制不明确，较大程度上阻碍了生物冶金的长足发展。本项目以生物浸出过程中多种类型微生物（包括不同生长位点、不同营养类型、不同域类微生物）为研究对象，系统探讨基于pH刺激的微生物生长、活性变化以及铜浸出速率的影响。主要研究内容包括：采用ARDRA和Real-time PCR的方法研究pH刺激对微生物种群结构和群落动态的影响；采用功能基因芯片技术分析浸矿微生物重要功能基因表达情况；采用XRD, XPS以及SEM-EDX等方法探讨pH刺激对矿物生物溶解的影响；最后分析pH刺激下微生物的协同作用机制。旨在揭示浸矿微生物单个种群和微生物群落基于pH刺激的应激及相互协调作用，阐明微生物协同作用机制及其在生物浸出过程中的作用地位，为分析微生物的浸矿行为和生物浸出机理奠定基础。

中文关键词： 生物浸出；pH刺激；协同作用；微生物生态；关键功能基因

英文摘要： The development of the basic theory of biohydrometallurgy is relatively slow. Many scientific problems are not resolved, such as the synergistic mechanism of bioleaching microorganism under the stress of various environmental factors is not clear, which hindered the rapid development of biohydrometallurgy. This project is with several types of microorganisms (including the different growth site, different nutritional types and different domain microorganisms) as the research object during bioleaching of copper sulphide ore, and to analyze the microbial growth, oxidizing activity and the copper leaching under the stress of pH value changing. The main research contents include: study the variation of microbial population structure and community dynamics by ARDRA and Real-time PCR; analyze the relatively important function gene expression using function gene chip; research the effect of pH changing on the dissolution of copper sulphide by XRD, XPS and SEM-EDX; reveal the importance of microorganism synergistic mechanism to the bioleaching. These researches will lay a foundation for analyzing the bioleaching behavior of microorganism and the bioleaching mechanism.

英文关键词： bioleaching；pH stimulation；coorperation reaction；microorganism ecology；key function gene