胶体溶液中介质分子诱导亚稳态单质纳米晶的生长与相变研究

项目名称： 胶体溶液中介质分子诱导亚稳态单质纳米晶的生长与相变研究

项目编号： No.11304315

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘俊

作者单位： 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院

项目金额： 30万元

中文摘要： 尺寸、结构依赖的材料物性是纳米科学中一直备受关注的基本科学问题。亚稳态纳米晶胶体溶液体系中，介质分子与纳米晶在固/液界面上的结合特征对纳米晶的生长与相变有显著的诱导作用，澄清介质分子对纳米晶生长与相变的诱导机制，是实现特定尺寸、结构和功能纳米晶可控生长的必要前提。项目以半导体Si，Ge，Se，Te为研究对象，利用课题组发展的液相激光熔蚀技术为手段，获得特定极性介质分子分散的、高活性且均一尺寸分布的胶体团簇，探讨介质分子与初始态纳米晶在固/液界面上的相互作用机制，研究其对亚稳纳米晶生长和相变的影响，揭示初始态纳米晶生长和相变过程中尺寸、形貌和结构的变化规律，捕获具有特定尺寸、结构和形貌特征的亚稳相中间态，研究纳米晶奇异的化学还原性、光学特性，及其与尺寸和结构的关联性。项目的实施将为研究胶体溶液体系中纳米颗粒的物性提供坚实的技术与物质基础，且为亚稳相纳米材料的可控生长提供可供参考的科学依据。

中文关键词： 液相激光熔蚀；亚稳态；尺寸效应；表面效应；生长与组装

英文摘要： The size and structure-dependent physicochemical properties have always attracted much attention as a fundamental scientific problem. In metastable nanocrystalline colloidal solutions, the growth and phase transition of nanocrystallines are both evidently influenced by the interface interactions between the molecules of medium and nanocrystallines. Clarifying the mechanism of the molecules induced-growth and phase transition of nanocrystallines is urgently expected for getting nanocrystallines with desired size, structures and performances. In this project, the widely studied elemental semiconductors such as Si, Ge, Se, and Te are selected as target materials, by using the unique technique of laser ablation in liquids (LAL) that developed in our research group, we plan at synthesizing highly reactive and monosized colloidal clusters dispersed in the mediums with different polarities, understanding the insights of the interaction mechanism between molecules and the initial nanocrystallines, and its effects on the growth and phase transition of initial metastable nanocrystallines. The project also plan to explore the evolution of size, morphology and structure of initial nanocrystallines during the processes of growth and phase transition, to capture the intermediate of nanocrystallines with designed size, structu

英文关键词： laser ablation in liquids；metastable；size-effects；surface-effects；growth and assemble