食用菌漆酶调控其体内残留农药代谢降解的分子机制研究

项目名称： 食用菌漆酶调控其体内残留农药代谢降解的分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31471797

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 张志勇

作者单位： 江苏省农业科学院

项目金额： 88万元

中文摘要： 研究食用菌中具有农药降解功能的漆酶对残留农药降解分子机制，发掘调控漆酶表达的环境友好型优良基因，对保障食品安全和农药污染环境修复都具有重要环境生态和社会经济意义。本项目通过研究不同品种食用菌菌株在农药处理后漆酶代谢-食用菌生产-农药降解之间的相互关系，分析漆酶组分、含量时空变化与残留农药降解相关性，并筛选2-3株具有高产漆酶能力食用菌菌株。对促进食用菌漆酶合成过程中关键基因表达的生物和非生物诱导因素进行优化，明确最佳选择性合成表达条件。采用第二代高通量测序和基因芯片技术鉴定、克隆食用菌漆酶中对常用农药毒死蜱和百菌清胁迫响应强烈的关键基因，并构建过表达漆酶关键基因食用菌菌株。比较过表达漆酶关键基因菌株与普通菌株对残留农药降解能力，验证食用菌漆酶关键基因过表达对残留农药降解作用,探明食用菌中漆酶对残留农药降解脱毒分子机制，建立一条基于强化食用菌体内生物活性物质漆酶的农药残留降解控制新途径。

中文关键词： 漆酶；食用菌；农药残留；代谢降解；分子机制

英文摘要： Pesticide residues are one of the most important influencing factors on edible fungi safety and their sustainable development. It has significant importance to environmental ecology and social economic by studying the molecular mechanisms of laccases in edible fungi regulating the pesticide residues, exploring the new environmental-friendly genes that can promote pesticide residue degradations and detoxications. This proposal plans to investigate the relationships between laccases metabolism, production of edible fungi and degradations of pesticide residues under the conditions of different edible fungi strains with degradation abilities to pesticide residues, and to analyze the correlations of the temporal and spatial changes of constituents and concentrations of laccases and pesticide residues in edible fungi and to obtain 2-3 edible fungi strains with higher content of laccases. Biotic and abiotic factors that can increase the expressions of key genes during the synthesis of laccases in edible fungi will be optimized. On this basis, this proposal is to identify and clone the genes with the higher degradation capabilities of pesticide residues of chlorpyrifos and chlorothalonil and to construct edible fungi strains with high expressions of key genes by using the technologies of the second generation high-throughput sequencings and gene chips. The degradation and detoxication abilities of strains with high expressions of key genes of laccases and common strains will be comparatively studied and their effects on pesticide residue degradations in edible fungi will be evaluated. Then this study will reveal molecular mechanisms of the laccases from edible fungi regulating pesticide residues degradation and detoxication and build a new approach to control the pesticide residues by enhancing the bioactivity of laccases in edible fungi.

英文关键词： laccases;edible fungi;pesticide residues;metabolism and degradation;molecular mechanism