基于土壤团聚体分形维和径流能耗分析的土壤可蚀性定量表征

项目名称： 基于土壤团聚体分形维和径流能耗分析的土壤可蚀性定量表征

项目编号： No.41271303

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 丁文峰

作者单位： 长江水利委员会长江科学院

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 土壤侵蚀过程与土壤团聚体的粒径分布和稳定性关系密切，开展土壤团聚体结构特征与可蚀性耦合机理研究，并就二者关系进行探讨，对深化土壤侵蚀机理研究十分重要。针对以往关于土壤可蚀性的研究较少从侵蚀动力过程角度进行，土壤团聚体结构特征与可蚀性间的关系未实现真正定量化等问题，本研究以我国主要水蚀区（东北黑土区、西南紫色土区、黄土高原区、南方红壤区）土壤为研究对象，采用放水冲刷实验和人工模拟降雨实验，阐明坡面侵蚀产沙与径流能耗、降雨动能间的关系，提出基于径流能耗的土壤可蚀性定量表达；结合野外现场土样采集、分析测试，基于分形理论，探讨不同土壤类型团聚体具有分形特征的粒径区间，评价线性和非线性两种拟合方式计算土壤团聚体分形维的有效性；在上述研究基础上，建立土壤可蚀性与团聚体分形维间的转化模型，并用实验数据加以验证，以期为侵蚀预报模型中可蚀性参数的确定及区域尺度土壤可蚀性的估算提供依据。

中文关键词： 可蚀性；水蚀过程；土壤团聚体；分形；

英文摘要： The soil erosion process has a close relationship with the soil aggregates size distribution and stability. It is quite important to analyse the coupling mechanism of soil aggregates structure characteristic and soil erodibility for comprehensive soil erosion process prediction. Quantitative analysis the relationship between soil structure characteristic and soil erosion process is helpful for deepening the soil erosion mechanism research. Former studies on soil erodibility were less from the point of erosion dynamic process,and the relationship between the soil aggregates structural characteristics and erodibility was not achieved a truly quantitative assessment. Taking the main soil types of the most serious erosion regions in China as the research object, this project aims at studying the relationship between the sediment yield, runoff energy consumption and rainfall energy, using flow scouring experiment and rainfall stimulating experiment under different flow discharges and different rainfall intensities. Based on the fractal dimension theory and field soil sample collecting and measuring, the validity of soil aggregates fractal dimension calculation using liner and nonlinear method will be evaluated. On the above research basis, the simulation conversion model of the soil erodibility and soil aggregates fr

英文关键词： soil erodibility；soil water erosion；soil aggregate；fractal theory；