基于无线传感网络的不同施肥条件土壤温度水分实时动态及其对脐橙关键生态特性的影响

项目名称： 基于无线传感网络的不同施肥条件土壤温度水分实时动态及其对脐橙关键生态特性的影响

项目编号： No.41301307

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 马力

作者单位： 中国科学院南京土壤研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 根区土壤温度水分是影响脐橙生长过程的关键生态因子，基于物联网的无线传感网络（WSN）技术为解析温度水分与脐橙生理生态过程的关系提供了精准高效手段。WSN技术在土壤生态学研究领域具有应用前景，但其在国内发展滞后急需深入拓展。本研究选择三峡库首地区典型紫色土，以五种施肥条件下脐橙植株为研究对象，通过布设根区土壤剖面水分、温度、pH值和EC电导率无线传感网络，获取不同施肥下土壤温度水分各时频的实时动态、特征曲线及土壤环境参照值；在田间布设植株LAI、茎流、果实膨大和冠层光谱NDVI传感器对植株关键生态特性实时跟踪和分析。研究脐橙关键生态特性对根区土壤温度水分实时动态的响应机制，阐明库区紫色土脐橙生长的适宜土壤温度水分阈值，验证WSN技术在土壤生态因子研究上的准确性和可靠性，探讨提高水肥利用率的高效施肥方式。为三峡库区脐橙优质高效生产提供理论基础，为农业土壤干旱预警和精准水肥调控提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 物联网；实时监测；土壤温度；土壤水分；生态特性

英文摘要： Soil temperature and moisture in rootzone is the key ecological factors affecting the navel orange growth process. Wireless sensor network (WSN) based on Internet of Things (IOT) technology provide accurate and effective ways for studying the relationship between temperature, moisture and the ecological characteristics of navel orange. WSN technology has application prospect in the research field of soil ecosystem, but the technology in domestic developed slowly lag behind and need further research and application.This research selected typical purple soil in the head part of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), five fertilizer treatments and navel orange as the study objects, using WSN technology which inclued water, moisture, pH, EC sensors of soil profile and LAI, stemflow，fuit growth, spectrum sensor of orange plants to accurately real-time obtained soil temperature and moisture day, month and year dynamic and characteristic curve, and tracking analyze the key ecological characteristics of navel orange. Study the responses of navel orange growth process on soil profile temperature and moisture real-time change and its influence mechanism. Clarify the suitable soil temperature and moisture threshold value for navel orange growth in purple soil in the head part of the TGR.Discuss the effective mode of improve th

英文关键词： Internet of things；Real-time monitoring；Soil temperature；Soil moisture；Ecological characteristics