基于聚合物复合电极的MCDI技术处理重金属废水的过程机制

项目名称： 基于聚合物复合电极的MCDI技术处理重金属废水的过程机制

项目编号： No.51478379

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 薛娟琴

作者单位： 西安建筑科技大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 针对重金属废水特点及现有处理方法存在的运行成本高、效果不稳定、二次污染严重等现状，申请人提出将离子交换膜引入到节能环保的电容法去离子（CDI）技术中，建立离子交换膜与CDI相耦合的膜电容法处理重金属废水的新方法（MCDI）。针对传统导电聚合物电极电化学稳定性和循环吸附性能较差等关键问题，将导电聚合物与壳聚糖复合，通过对核-壳结构的聚合物/壳聚糖复合电极材料的制备、成型条件的优化及电极吸附/解吸金属离子机理等研究，揭示导电聚合物与交联壳聚糖的复合机制、膜电容法强化金属离子传质速率的途径及脱除废水中重金属离子的规律；阐明电极特征与其表面性能、电化学性能、离子在电极中的扩散传质及吸附/解吸过程的相关性，建立相应模型，以期获得提高电吸附性能、电荷效率、电极再生性能及强化金属离子传质速率的有效途径。研究成果为MCDI技术的实用化提供相关基础数据，同时也为相关冶金废水处理及资源高效回收提供思路与方法。

中文关键词： 重金属废水；电容去离子技术；离子交换膜；聚吡咯/壳聚糖；吸附机理

英文摘要： For the characteristics of existing heavy metal wastewater and the treatment methods have high running cost，unstable effect, serious secondary pollution and so on, applicant put forward that introduce ion exchange membrane to the energy saving and environmental protection technology of capacitive deionization(CDI), a new membrane capacitance method for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater combined ion exchange membrane with CDI was built. Aim at the key problems of the traditional conductive polymer electrode，including the poor electrochemical stability and cyclic adsorption performance, made conductive polymer and chitosan recombined, through the research contents include as following: the preparation of composite electrode materials with core - shell structure of the polymer/crosslinked chitosan, the moulding conditions of conductive composite electrode material are optimized, the mechanism of electrode adsorption/desorption of metal ions. The composite mechanism of conductive polymer and crosslinked chitosan, the strengthen approach of metal ion mass transfer rate based on membrane capacitance method and its removal rule of heavy metal ions in waste water are revealed; illuminating the correlation between electrode characteristic and its surface properties，electrochemical performance，diffusion mass transfer and adsorption / desorption process of ions in the electrode，and the relevant theoretical model will be founded in order to achieve valid approach of improving the electric adsorption performance, charge efficiency, electrode regeneration performance and strengthening the metal ion mass transfer rate. Research results provide the basis of relevant data for practical application of MCDI technology, as well as provide ideas and methods for the treatment and resource efficient recycling of waster water in Non-ferrous metal smelting.

英文关键词： heavy metal wastewater;capacitive deionization;ion exchange membrane;ploypyrrole/chitosan;adsorption mechanism