基于电磁阻尼器的斜拉索自供能半主动控制研究

项目名称： 基于电磁阻尼器的斜拉索自供能半主动控制研究

项目编号： No.51508217

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 沈文爱

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 斜拉索是斜拉桥的主要受力构件，其在风荷载或风雨荷载与支座激励的作用下极易发生大幅振动，从而缩短其疲劳寿命并加速其锈蚀，因而需采取措施来控制其过大振动。目前不少斜拉索减振采用半主动控制的方式，但半主动控制对外部能源的依赖却限制了其在实桥中的推广应用。本项目拟研究利用新型电磁阻尼器实现斜拉索自供能半主动控制中的关键问题。通过电磁阻尼器回收斜拉索的振动能量给其控制电路供电，控制电路通过阻尼器输出电压反馈进行在线计算，以实时调节阻尼系数从而达到半主动控制的目标。本项目拟建立电磁阻尼与能量收集效率的理论模型；提出考虑随机荷载作用下斜拉索电磁阻尼器输出功率的理论估算公式；推导考虑惯性质量的斜拉索阻尼器最优阻尼值；提出基于电磁阻尼器电压输出信号的半主动控制算法；最后通过斜拉索缩尺模型实验和实桥试验进一步验证方法的正确性。本项目研究成果可为实现斜拉索高效率减振与自供能半主动控制提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 斜拉索；电磁阻尼器；能量收集；半主动控制；惯性质量

英文摘要： Stay cables are critical load-carrying elements in cable-stayed bridges and are often vulnerable to excessive vibration under wind excitations or wind-rain excitations and support excitations. Vibration control of stay cables is required, because vibration can reduce the fatigue life of cables and accelerate the corrosion problem. Now semi-active control has been adopted for cable vibration mitigation in many bridges，however, the requirement of external power is an obstacle for the wide-spread application of semi-active control systems in cable vibration mitigation. This project proposes a self-powered semi-active control system to suppress cable vibration using a novel electromagnetic damper. Electromagnetic damper harvests cable vibration energy to power its control circuit, and control circuit tune the damping coefficient of damper using damper output voltage feedback, thus achieving semi-active damping. The project proposes a theoretical model for electromagnetic damping and energy-harvesting efficiency; derives a closed-form solution of electromagnetic damper output power considering random excitations, and derives the optimal parameters of damper in cable-damper system considering inertial mass effect. A self-powered semi-active control strategy and corresponding techniques will be proposed. A series of tests, including dynamic test of a scaled stay cable and a field test, will be implemented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed self-powered semi-active control system. The research will provide fundamental theory and technique for high-efficiency and self-powered semi-active control of cable vibration.

英文关键词： stay cable;electromagnetic damper;energy harvesting;semi-active control;inertial mass