基于多维层析成像的被动无线定位跟踪方法研究

项目名称： 基于多维层析成像的被动无线定位跟踪方法研究

项目编号： No.61301130

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 王洁

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 28万元

中文摘要： 被动无线定位跟踪技术是一种无需目标携带无线设备的新兴定位技术，它利用目标对无线链路的遮蔽效应实现对目标位置的估计，从而使无线网络具备感知网络覆盖范围内目标位置的能力。该技术在安防、救援、战场监测等目标不配合的领域有着广泛的应用前景。但是，其在模型及算法等方面存在诸多亟待解决的问题，尤其在无线链路较稀疏的条件下定位性能较差，本课题拟对此展开研究。首先，研究稀疏无线网络中提高定位跟踪性能的方法。提出将定位系统建模为多维层析成像问题，采用频率及功率分集方法实现多维扫描提高链路利用效率；提出将位置估计问题建模为连续渐变稀疏信号重构问题，充分利用位置信息的空间域稀疏及时间域连续渐变特性，采用压缩感知理论及贝叶斯估计方法实现定位跟踪。其次，研究无线链路观测信息的处理与建模方法，对噪声抑制方法、链路与目标关系模型等进行研究。课题成果将显著改善被动定位跟踪性能，为其在无线网络中的应用提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 无线层析成像；被动无线定位；定位算法；观测模型；

英文摘要： Device-free localization and tracking is a promising technique which could realize the target localization and tracking task without the need of equipping the target with a wireless device. It utilizes the shadowing effect and realizes location estimation based on the information of the shadowed wireless links. And with this technique, the wireless networks will have the ability of knowing the location of the target within its deployment area. This promising technique has potential application in the field where the target is non-cooperative, such as security, emergency rescue, and battlefield monitoring. As an emerging technique, the device-free localization and tracking technique has lots of fundamental problems to be solved, such as system architecture, link observation model, the localization and tracking algorithms, etc.. In particular, the location estimation performance will drop dramatically in the sparse networks where only modest set of wireless nodes are available. The objective of this proposal is to tackle the above problems. Firstly, the device-free localization and tracking scheme suitable for sparse networks is presented. We model the device-free localization and tracking problem as a multi-dimensional radio tomographic imaging question. A frequency-diversity and power-diversity based multi-dimen

英文关键词： radio tomography；device-free wireless localization；localization algorithm；observation model；