微生物燃料电池利用养殖废水产电的生物学基础研究

项目名称： 微生物燃料电池利用养殖废水产电的生物学基础研究

项目编号： No.30800796

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 朱能武

作者单位： 华南理工大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 微生物燃料电池（MFC）兴起为猪场废水处理与资源化提供了新途径和机遇。本项目优化了MFC结构，探讨了电压反转机制，考察了产电微生物群落变化，分离了产电微生物菌株，分析了其产电特性。结果表明：①#25913;性阳极能显著提高最大功率密度到2066、1641mW/m2，碳毡表面元素含量和基团发生了变化，改善了生物亲合性。②#25152;有串联形式MFC均发生电压反转，但稍有不同。可能机制是单体电池消耗电子不平衡和电极电势变化。③#20004;个MFC稳定输出电压分别达到0.51、0.53V（500Ω65289;。原水为燃料的最大功率密度分别为208、158mW/m2，CODcr、氨氮4d平均去除率分别为85%和78%、52%和45%，还可除臭。④#19981;同时期MFC阳极生物膜微生物多样性差异明显，优势菌为Pseudomonas sp.、Aeromonas sp.、Thiobacillus sp.、Desulfovibrio sp.等。⑤#20998;离到4株纯培养电化学活性菌，两株最大输出电压、功率密度分别为0.34、0.33V，505、495mw/m2，分别与变形杆菌和克雷伯氏菌的序列相似度较高，为今后挖掘该菌株潜力、提高MFC产电性能提供了新素材。

中文关键词： 养殖废水；微生物燃料电池；产电；水质净化；产电微生物

英文摘要： The rise of microbial fuel cell(MFC) provides a new way and opportunity to treat and recycle swine wastewater. This project optimized the MFC construction, explored voltage reversal mechanism, investigated bacterial community changes, isolated electricigen strains, and analyzed their electricity generation characteristics. The results showed: ①odified anodes boosted maximum power density to 2066、1641mW/m2, which is due to surface elements and group changes and result in the improvement of biocompatibility.②ll kinds of stacked MFCs in series occurred voltage reversal, but a little bit difference existed. The mechanism is the imbalanced consumption of electrons in unit MFCs and the potential changes of specific electrode.③he stable power output of the two MFCs was 0.51、0.53V(500Ω The maximum power density was 208、158mW/m2, CODcr and ammonia 4d average remowal efficiency were 85% and 78%, 52% and 45%, respectively. The odor could also be removed.④he microbial diversity of different phases anodic biofilm showed significant differences, the dominant bacteria were Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Thiobacillus sp., Desulfovibrio sp., etc.⑤our pure culture electricigens were isolated, and the maximum power output and maximum power density of the two isolated strains were 0.34、0.33V，505、495mw/m2，respectively. The two isolated strains had high sequence similarity with Proteus vulgaris and Raoultella sp., respectively. The results could be the academic basis to reveal the potential of the isolated strains and further enhance the power generation from MFC.

英文关键词： swine wastewater; microbial fuel cell; electricity generation; wastewater purification; electricigens