面向自然语言的虚拟地理场景重构方法

项目名称： 面向自然语言的虚拟地理场景重构方法

项目编号： No.41271384

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 张雪英

作者单位： 南京师范大学

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 自然语言和虚拟地理场景是两种重要的地理场景表达手段，在数据的丰富性、表达的直观性、认知的习惯性、应用的普及性等方面各有所长。本项目针对自然语言中地理场景描述的非结构化、定性化和不确定性等特点，构建地理场景信息标注体系和大规模标注语料库，探讨中文文本中地理场景信息的抽取和语义解析方法；研究基于蚁群算法的地理场景空间布局草图生成算法，提出"文-图-景"的匹配模型，设计多重一致性约束的地理场景时空属性动态配置方法。通过解决自然语言中地理场景信息"结构化、形式化、图形化、空间化和个性化"过程中的关键科学问题，实现从自然语言到虚拟地理场景的语义映射，形成由"粗"到"精"、"虚实结合"的地理场景动态重构机制，以进一步揭示地理场景的空间认知模式和自然语言描述习惯，促进虚拟地理场景在地理学研究、智慧城市、影视制作、人文历史文化资源可视化等领域的普及应用。

中文关键词： 自然语言理解；地理场景重构；空间结构；信息抽取模型；空间布局图

英文摘要： Both natural language and virtual geographical scene are two important representation means of geographcial scene,but with different advantages in the number of data, visual representation, cognitive custom and public usage etc. Based on the qualitative, unstructured and uncertainty characteristics of geographical scene described in nature language, this program aims to formulate a geographical scene annotation scheme and construct a large-scale annotated corpus, and then explore approaches to extraction and semantic interpretation of geographical scene information in Chinese text. Based on the ant colony algorithm, an spatial layout sketch map generation algorithm is proposed to graphically display the location of the interpreted geographical scene in text. A spatial mapping model is further presented to associate the sketch map and the virtual geographical scene. Finally, an engine is developed to configure the spatio-temporal attributes of the mapped virtual geographical scene. By the solution of key problems in the processes of structuring, formalization, symbolization, spatialization and personalization of geographic scene described in natural language, the semantic mapping of the geographical scene expression from natural language to virtual geographical scene is achieved. The research results will help u

英文关键词： Natural language processing；geographical scene reconstruction；spatial structure；information extraction model；spatial layout sketch map