基于空间认知常识的定性地理信息检索研究

项目名称： 基于空间认知常识的定性地理信息检索研究

项目编号： No.41471323

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 樊红

作者单位： 武汉大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 当前地理信息检索技术基于定量化的检索模型和方法，无法有效处理互联网多样性空间数据资源中丰富的地理语义。本项目拟针对日常公众地理信息查询需求，研究定性地理信息检索的整体解决方案。研究内容包括，进行认知实验，建立符合人类常识认知、表述习惯和空间偏好的地理信息语义模型，完成Web空间资源与查询请求的信息提取和语义表达；总结地理空间关系的组合表建模和约束网络推理技术，借鉴空间关系认知成果，研究支持复杂要素空间关系分析和多方面空间关系协同分析的定性空间推理方法；运用模糊集和D-S证据理论，建立支持不确定性地理信息检索的模糊推理机制；研究表达地名和空间关系语义匹配的语义关联度模型和排序策略，进行择优推荐，提高地理信息检索的精准度和满意度；针对互联网空间信息定性、多尺度、海量的特点，研究空间-文本混合索引方法，支持Web信息快速检索，最后，进行原型系统的实验验证和示范应用，验证提出的理论与方法的有效性。

中文关键词： 地理认知；语义网络；自然语言理解；空间关系推理；不确定性推理

英文摘要： Currently the geographic information retrieval is based on the quantitative retrieval model and methods, which can not deal with rich semantics of different geographic data resources on the internet effectively. This Project will focus itself on the qualitative geographic information retrieval, aiming at meeting the public daily needs of geographic information retrieval. Research contents include： (1)Research on the semantic modeling of qualitative geographic information, through the experiments on spatial commonsense cognition, a semantic model of geographic information will be established to reflect the expression way and preference of the human, information extraction of web resources and semantic description of query request will be conducted. (2)Research on the semantic inference of qualitative geographic information. Through analyzing the results of the spatial cognition and summarizing the combinative table modeling and constraint network reasoning of the spatial relations, a qualitative spatial reasoning method is proposed to support the spatial relation analysis of complex features and collaborative analysis of multiple spatial relations . (3)Research on the fuzzy reasoning mechanism. based on the fuzzy set and D_S theory, a fuzzy reasoning mechanism that supports the uncertain geographic information retrieval is provided. (4)A semantic correlation model that describes the toponym and spatial relations between the Web resource and query request and retrieval ranking that recommends results by higher score are researched to improve the accuracy and satisfaction degree of geographic information retrieval. (5)A spatial-text mixed index and hierarchical storage is to be studied, aiming at supporting fast information retrieval, according to the quantitative, multi-scale, and vast geographic information on the internet. (6)An experimental verification and demonstration applications of the prototype system is developed, which proves the efficiency of the method and theory in this work.

英文关键词： Spatial Congnition ology Modeling;Semantic Web;Natural Language Understanding;Spatial Relation Inference;Fuzzy Inferencece