面向时空变化的GIS数据模型

项目名称： 面向时空变化的GIS数据模型

项目编号： No.41471320

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 朱庆

作者单位： 西南交通大学

项目金额： 95万元

中文摘要： 面向日益复杂的人口、资源与设施及其安全性变化，如何有效处理时空分辨率越来越高的实时接入数据成为GIS理论与方法面临的巨大挑战。针对已有GIS时空数据模型以地理实体状态为核心隐式表达动态性而缺乏对地理时空变化机制表达的局限，本项目将时空变化作为一种新的地理信息对象，系统研究面向时空变化的GIS数据模型，显式刻画时空变化机制，主要研究内容包括：深入分析时空变化的参与对象、驱动力与呈现模式，对时空变化进行高层次抽象，建立特征、过程和事件三域语义关联的GIS时空数据模型，设计变化语义感知的时空索引方法与数据库结构，开发原型系统并对监控视频场景中人的行为过程进行实例化表达，进行多传感器动态观测数据实时接入处理实验验证。本项目研究提出新型的时空GIS数据模型与数据结构，有望显著提高GIS实时应用的效能，为GIS理论方法与应用模式的跨越式发展提供直接支撑。

中文关键词： 时空变化；时空数据模型；时空索引；实时数据；时空过程

英文摘要： Aiming at the increasingly complex population, resources and facilities and security changes , how to effectively deal with the realtime data with higher spatial and temporal resolutions becomes enormous challenges facing GIS theory and method. Existing entity status-oriented GIS spatio-temporal data models provide implicit representations of dynamics and therefore lack of the representation of spatio-temporal change mechanism. This project proposes a new GIS data model, in which the spatio-temporal change is considered as a kind of new geographic information objects, the spatio-temporal change mechanism is then represented explicitly. The main research contents include : after in-depth analysis of spatio-temporal variations involved participants, driving forces and occurrence patterns, which are separately defined as the feature, process and event three domains, as an explicit high-level abstraction over these change-related details, the possible semantic association relationship between the changes is described, and the spatio-temporal change-oriented GIS data model is presented, the related semantics aware spatiao-temporal indexing methods and database structure are designed, finally the instantiation of three domains is designed in the representation of typical flashover phenomenon and the change-oriented information aggregation in fire warning and case management is presented.This study proposes a new general GIS data model, is expected to significantly improve the performance of real-time GIS applications , to provide direct support the leap frog development of GIS theory and application mode.

英文关键词： spatio-temporal change;spatio-temporal data model;spatio-temporal index;real-time data;spatio-temporal process