旱作小麦穗部苞片碳同化物滞留的生理及分子机制

项目名称： 旱作小麦穗部苞片碳同化物滞留的生理及分子机制

项目编号： No.31271624

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 吕金印

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对黄土高原旱作小麦"耐旱有余、丰产性不足"、非叶器官穗部苞片（颖壳、外稃、内稃）中碳同化物滞留比率过高的实际问题，利用碳-14同位素示踪及基因芯片等现代生物分析技术，深入探讨干旱环境下不同碳滞留（穗型）旱作小麦生育后期穗部颖壳及内外稃的光合固碳机制，揭示旱地不同穗型小麦碳同化物的运筹模式,探讨穗部不同器官碳同化物合成关键酶的基因表达差异，探明水分亏缺下耐旱型小麦非叶器官穗部光合对籽粒产量的贡献，明确在兼顾抗旱与丰产的旱作小麦育种中，穗型性状可作为品种选育的重要指标，为挖掘黄土高原干旱风险区旱作小麦的增产潜力提供理论支撑。

中文关键词： 小麦；干旱；碳同化物；基因芯片；WRKY转录因子

英文摘要： Because dry-land wheat in the Loess Plateau areas has a strong drought resistance but a low yield as well as the higher retention ratio of assimilates in the ear bracts(glumes, lemmas, palea),this project aims to resolve these problems. Carbon-14 isotope tracing, gene chips and other modern biological techniques were used to investigate the carbon fixation mechanism of different types of ears in the dry-land wheat at the grain filling stage under water deficiency conditions. The patterning of carbon assimilates in ears of the dry-land wheat will be studied. Gene expression differentiation of key synthesis enzymes of carbon assimilation in different organs, and contribution of photosynthesis to grain yield in non-leaf organs of the dry-land wheat under water deficiency condition will be revealed. Our results are going to provide valuable information that the spike type traits could be used as an important indicator for breeding of the dry-land wheat with both drought tolerant and high yield, and the theoretical guidance and technical support for the increasing in yield potential of the dry-land wheat in the drought-risk areas of the Loess Plateau.

英文关键词： wheat；drought；carbon assimilate；gene chip；WRKY transcription factor