人工全髋关节置换术假体位置参数的计算机辅助优化及临床应用

项目名称： 人工全髋关节置换术假体位置参数的计算机辅助优化及临床应用

项目编号： No.81201412

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 医学四处

项目作者： 王燎

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 人工全髋关节置换术是治疗终末期髋骨关节炎的标准术式。但假体位置不良直接影响关节活动度，增加并发症发生率，降低假体生存率。而我国髋骨关节炎常继发于髋关节发育不良，其髋周畸形使假体植入失去正常参照，更易出现位置不良。既往研究通过临床随访及解剖学测量来探索假体最佳位置，不足之处是仅孤立的分析髋臼侧或股骨侧的各种参数。随着对髋关节运动认识的加深，骨盆/髋臼和股骨侧的联合解剖分析在国外开始起步，但我国尚缺乏相关研究。为阐明国人髋部解剖学联合参数及髋关节运动学之间的内在关系，本研究借助当前生物医学工程领域中前沿的三维图像技术及运动捕捉系统，在国内外首次测量健康男、女志愿者的髋臼及股骨联合解剖参数，结合运动测量及仿真分析，兼顾形态与运动，探索个体化、性别化的假体植入参数。结合相关参数，通过计算机辅助导板技术发展适合我国人体特点的性别差异性髋关节假体植入技术，最终实现关节活动度的优化及生存率的改善。

中文关键词： 人工全髋关节置换；髋关节发育不良；髋臼定位导板；医学图像处理；三维自动化测量

英文摘要： Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the standard procedure for the treatment of end-stage hip diseases. However, a mal-positioned implant is related with a restricted range of motion, an increase of post-operative complication rate, and a decrease of survival rate. Besides, more than 40% of primary THAs in China are performed to treat osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Distinct hip deformities among DDH patients make THA even more technically challenging, resulting in a higher incidence of implant mal-position. It is necessary to provide surgeons with optimal guiding parameters according to the specific anatomies of DDH patients, however, the optimal orientation parameters are not well documented, let alone intra-operative realization of the optimal placement of implants. Previously, researchers tried to figure out the optimal orientation parameters by performing hip morphometry and clinical follow up studies based on radiographic measurements.However, the anatomic parameters of acetabula and femurs were studied seperately.To further clarify the combined optimal parameters for implant placement and to realise the accurate implantaion intra-operatively, cutting edge medical imaging analysis softwares and motion capture/simulation techniques will be implemented to measure the combine

英文关键词： Total hip arthroplasty；Developmental dysplasia of the hip；Surgical guide；Medical image processing；3D automatic measurement