大型数控磨床磨削颤振在线监测理论与试验方法研究

项目名称： 大型数控磨床磨削颤振在线监测理论与试验方法研究

项目编号： No.51475432

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 陈换过

作者单位： 浙江理工大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 磨削颤振是磨床主机故障的主要表现形式，若这种振动故障不能及时排除，将进而导致传动噪声和运行阻力变大、工作效率下降、刀具损耗加剧等问题，严重时还可能损害磨头和机床主轴，使加工无法进行下去。 本项目拟以KD4020X16型数控动梁龙门导轨磨床为对象，以机械动力学、二维经验模态分解和最小二乘支持向量机为理论基础，从振动信号的测量、磨削过程动态分析、颤振机理研究、颤振特征量提取技术及磨削颤振检测与颤振控制几个方面，开展基于二维经验模态分解和最小二乘支持向量机的龙门式平面/导轨磨床磨削颤振在线监测与抑制技术研究，对于深刻揭示磨削颤振过渡过程的本质特征、保证产品加工精度、提高生产率将会有着重要的学术价值和工程应用前景。 本项目拟解决的关键科学问题：（1）考虑多种非线性因素的数控磨床颤振模型的建立；（2）BEMD信号处理方法的端点效应问题；（3）能反映颤振征兆的颤振特征量的提取。

中文关键词： 磨削颤振检测；非线性信号处理；颤振特征量提取；BEMD；LSSVM

英文摘要： Chatter is a sef-excited vibration that occurs during machining operations and becomes a common limitation to productivity and part quality.Chatter occurrence also has several negative effects, such as excessive noise, machine tool damage, disproportionate tool wear, damage of the tooling structure and the spindle bearing.For these reasons, chatter avoidance is a topic of enormous interest for many researchers who have focused on the solution to the problem of chatter. Based on researching the vibration of the grinding processing,according to the feature of the vibration signals in the grinding processing, the appropriate sensors and signal acquisition system are chose to build the platform for grinder chatter test. By changing the grinding parameters, the signals of different mode are collected to supply the data for subsequent research. The new method-BEMD is introduced to analysis the non-stationary vibration signals and extracted the grinding chatter feature for KD4020X16 CNC grinding machine. Least square support vector machine (LSSVM) is seen as recognition classifier to indentify the relationship between chatter feature and grinding states, which develops a chatter online detection methods and provids theoretical basis for the development of engineering applications.Vibration signals collected by grinding test is used to verify the grinding chatter identification method based on HHT and LSSVM can be used as the basis for judgment and identification grinder chatter occurs. This project will solve three key problems:(1)CNC grinding machine chatter model considering multi-nonlinear factor.(2)Endpoint effect solve method of two-dimensional signal processing-BEMD.(3)Chatter feature extraction method.

英文关键词： grinding chatter detection;nonlinear signal processing;chatter feature extraction;BEMD;LSSVM