浮选矿浆的泥化现象与粘土矿物层间水化膜和电荷关系的基础研究

项目名称： 浮选矿浆的泥化现象与粘土矿物层间水化膜和电荷关系的基础研究

项目编号： No.51474167

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 宋少先

作者单位： 武汉理工大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 矿浆中的泥化现象严重恶化浮选的分选效率并导致尾矿水难以澄清。本课题假设这个泥化现象与矿浆中的粘土矿物的层间表面的水化膜和电荷密切相关，力图通过一系列的试验和理论研究来证实这一假设。在此基础上，探讨通过调节粘土矿物层间表面的水化膜和电荷实现浮选矿浆的泥化作用的减弱或消除。研究工作包括：粘土矿物层间剥离；粘土矿物表面水化膜的强度和水化排斥作用力，粘土矿物表面电荷与双电层排斥力，建立泥化现象与粘土矿物的层间表面的水化膜和电荷的内在联系和规律，寻找合适的化学药剂调节粘土矿物表面的水化膜和电荷以减弱或消除粘土矿物的泥化作用，新药剂制度的氧化矿浮选。

中文关键词： 微细粒；浮选分离；机理研究；硅酸盐矿物

英文摘要： Sliming in ore pulps is very detrimental to mineral flotation, and is the main reason for the high turbidity of the recycled water from tailing slurries. This proposed project made a hypothesis of that the sliming closely correlates to the hydration layers and negative charges on the interlayer surfaces of clay minerals, and will verify this hypothesis through well-planned experimental and theoretical studies. Based on the verification, an attempt will be made to develop an appropriate chemical scheme to reduce or destroy the sliming in ore slurries through adjusting the hydration layers and surface charges. The research works will include: delamination of clay minerals into two-dimension particles, hydration layers on clay mineral surfaces and the hydration forces, surface charges on clay mineral interlayers and the electrical double layer force, establishment of the relationship between the sliming and hydration layers and surface charges on clay mineral interlayers, developing an chemical scheme to reduce or destroy the sliming in ore slurries, and verification of the positive effects of the chemical scheme in the flotation of oxide minerals.

英文关键词： Fine particles;Flotation;Fundamental study;Silicate minerals