氧化铜矿浮选进程中矿物表面疏水性的衰减机制

项目名称： 氧化铜矿浮选进程中矿物表面疏水性的衰减机制

项目编号： No.51204023

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 冶金与矿业学科

项目作者： 熊堃

作者单位： 长安大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 大量试验和生产数据表明，氧化铜矿浮选回收率比硫化铜低近20个百分点。主要原因是浮选进程中，氧化铜矿物表面疏水性衰减的速率远高于硫化铜矿。 为探明表面疏水性的衰减机理，本项目以氧化铜矿物的主要代表孔雀石为研究对象，采用密度泛函优化硫离子在孔雀石表面的吸附反应，结合热力学计算，建立硫离子吸附的稳态模型；测量孔雀石表面黄药的吸附量，研究不同硫离子浓度、pH值、温度、搅拌强度和不同的吸附、解吸时间条件下，黄药在孔雀石硫化表面吸附和解吸的动力学；通过光电子能谱（XPS）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和拉曼光谱（RS）检测，分析孔雀石硫化表面对黄药的吸附特性；运用接触角测定，表征黄药吸附和解吸后孔雀石表面的疏水性，探索矿物表面疏水性衰减的规律；通过孔雀石纯矿物浮选试验，考察不同条件下矿物表面的疏水性，从而揭示氧化铜矿物表面疏水性衰减影响矿物浮选的本质，为提高氧化铜矿浮选回收率提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 氧化铜矿；浮选；疏水性；衰减；

英文摘要： In the mineral processing industry, the separation of the valueable minerals from gangue minerals is commonly achieved through froth flotation. Bench-scale and industrial flotation results show that recovery of copper oxide is 20% lower than that of copper sulfide ore. The main reason is that, in the flotation process, copper oxide mineral surface hydrophobicity of attenuation rate is much higher than that of copper sulfide. In order to explore mineral surface hydrophobicity of attenuation mechanism, thermodynamic calculation and density functional optimization of sulfur ions in the adsorption reaction are used to establish the sulfur ion adsorption model. Under different conditions of sulfur ion concentration, pH value, temperature, stirring intensity, adsorption and desorption time, the xanthate adsorption capacity is measured to study adsorption and desorption kinetics of xanthate on sulfidization-treated malachite surface. Based on X-ray hotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and raman spectroscopy (RS) detection, adsorption characteristics of xanthate on malachite sulfidization surface are investigated. The contact angle of xanthate adsorption and desorption with sulfidization-treated malachite can indicate the attenuation mechanism of malachite surface hydrophobicity. The relations

英文关键词： oxide copper ore；flotation；hydrophobicity；attenuation；