瞬变流作用下供水管网外源污染物入侵机理及其传输模型研究

项目名称： 瞬变流作用下供水管网外源污染物入侵机理及其传输模型研究

项目编号： No.51478417

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 邵煜

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 当供水管网发生压力降低或瞬变流时，管网周围土体和水环境中的污染物可能会通过管道缺陷入侵供水管网，影响饮用水安全。本研究通过实验和数模，分析污染物从源头经过外部水体→土体孔隙→管道缺陷进入管网内部的入侵路径，揭示瞬态流作用下污染物入侵管网的机理，进而建立入侵体积的定量计算模型；通过节点混合实验，建立管网节点的溶质不完全混合模型，理论和中试研究污染物在管道内部的传输反应动力学微分方程，最终把两者嵌入供水管网水质分析代码，提高污染物在管网中传输的计算精度；然后基于最坏情况和随机入侵分析，评估供水管网的污染物入侵风险，并通过优化算法来选择监测点的数量和设置地点，追溯污染事件发生的时间和地点。本研究从污染物入侵和传输的微观机理入手，进而实现污染源从入侵到用户龙头全过程的仿真模拟与分析评估，可为跟踪和识别管网中的入侵污染物，减缓或消除瞬态流作用下的污染物入侵，提高饮用水水质提供技术支撑。

中文关键词： 供水管网；瞬态流；水质模拟；污染入侵；水力模拟

英文摘要： When the water distribution systems (WDS) have low pressures or the occurrence transient flow, the contaminants in the soil and water surrounding the pipes may intrude WDS through the pipe defects like the leakage holes, which affects the drinking water safety significantly. To reveal the mechanism of contamination intrusion under the transient, the experimental analysis and numerical simulation are used to observe the intrusion process of contamination through the path of contamination sources→external water→soil→pipe defects→water inside the pipes , and a quantitative calculation model of the intrusion volume is given. By establishing solute incomplete mixing model of the junction in through experiments and numerical simulation and the introduction of pollutants transfer reaction kinetic equations inside the pipes, the WDS simulation software is improved to calculate the contaminant's transport and fate in WDS efficiently; then , the worst-case and the random intrusion events are generated and analyzed to assess the contamination intrusion. The location of the water quality monitoring equipment is optimized. The start time and location of a contamination intrusion event can be traced. In this study, starting from the microscopic mechanism of contaminant intrusion and transport, the simulation method of whole process of the contamination's intrusion, transport and fate in WDS is established. It has an important value of tracking and identification of the contaminant in WDS, mitigation or elimination the contaminant intrusion under transient flows, and finally improving the drinking water quality in WDS.

英文关键词： Water Distribution System;Transient Flow;Water Quality Simulation;Contamination Intrusion;Hydraulic Simulation