线粒体非编码RNA(ncRNA)生物学功能的研究

项目名称： 线粒体非编码RNA(ncRNA)生物学功能的研究

项目编号： No.31200976

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 遗传学与生物信息学、细胞生物学

项目作者： 李桂玲

作者单位： 温州医科大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 非编码RNA（non-coding RNA，ncRNA）是细胞中广泛存在的、在转录或转录后水平上对基因表达起关键调节作用的、不编码蛋白的RNA。迄今为止的研究主要集中于核及胞质内的ncRNA上，对细胞器ncRNA的报道甚少。线粒体是特殊的细胞器，是能量产生的主要场所，且带有自身的基因组。事实上线粒体中也存在大量的ncRNA，它们在细胞生长、分化和发育过程中起重要作用。线粒体ncRNA的表达和功能的失调被证实与线粒体疾病和肿瘤相关。线粒体ncRNA的研究已成为近年来一个很有吸引力的研究领域。本课题拟系统地研究人类细胞线粒体ncRNA的来源和产生的调节；并对它们的生物学功能，包括对线粒体的生物合成和功能及对细胞功能的作用进行研究。最后，分析它们可能的调控途径，并检测它们在线粒体疾病和肿瘤中的表达情况。本课题的开展可为进一步探讨疾病的分子机理、为ncRNA在疾病诊断和治疗中的应用提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 线粒体；非编码RNA；表观遗传；微RNA；疾病

英文摘要： Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent the vast majority of RNA transcripts in the cells that are non-protein-coding and function as critical transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators. To date the studies of ncRNAs have identified and been mainly focused on a variety of nuclear and cytoplasmic ncRNAs, however, little is known about those that are located in cellular organelles. Mitochondria are unique subcellular organelles that have principal function of energy production and contain their own genome. It has been reported that a large number of ncRNAs do exist in mitochondria and play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation and development. Dysregulation of mitochondrial ncRNAs has been shown to be associated with mitochondrial diseases and tumor development. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Investigation of mitochondrial ncRNAs has become an interesting and attractive research field. In order to understand the functional roles of mitochondrial ncRNAs, in the current study, we aim to address 1) How are mitochondrial ncRNAs encoded and regulated? 2) What's the role of mitochondrial ncRNAs in mitochondrial biogenesis and functions? 3) What's the role of mitochondrial ncRNAs in cellular functions? At the end, we will investigate the expression of mitochondr

英文关键词： mitochondria；ncRNA；epigenetics；miRNA；diseases