人类视空间分类的神经机制

项目名称： 人类视空间分类的神经机制

项目编号： No.31500923

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 神经、认识与心理学

项目作者： 李妍妍

作者单位： 中国科学院心理研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 对连续变化的视觉刺激进行实时空间分类决策的能力，对于解释环境中的事件、选择恰当行为反应至关重要。多种常见的神经退行性疾病早期均表现出空间分类能力的下降。目前，研究者主要借助功能磁共振成像（fMRI）技术，采用基于单个体素的BOLD信号变化描述分类决策的神经机制。然而，人脑是一个极其复杂的功能系统，分类加工需要皮层-纹状体环路中多个脑区协同工作。对于分类加工神经网络的传输机制、调节机制的刻画是理解人脑认知功能的关键。因此，本项目拟采集健康被试群体的视空间分类任务的fMRI数据，运用多体素模式分析、现代复杂网络分析方法和信息传输计算模型等多种新方法和新技术，探讨人类空间分类加工依赖的皮层-纹状体环路的内在加工机制。研究发现将为深入理解相关退行性疾病的发病机制，发现新的早期预防、干预和治疗手段提供重要依据。

中文关键词： 脑功能成像；分类决策；皮层-纹状体环路；脑功能网络；多体素模式分析

英文摘要： The ability to make decisions about continuously varying sensory stimuli, requiring the combination of bottom-up stimulus-driven with top-down task-specific information, is critical for selecting appropriate behavioral responses. Several neurodegenerative disorders showed decreased performance of category decision. At present, the understanding of the mechanisms of human categorization is mainly from fMRI data, obtaining estimation of local blood flow(a proxy for local neural processing) from tens of thousands of distinct neuroanatomical locations. However, human brain is a complex functional system, the corticostriatal loops play an important role in categorization. To exploring the mechanisms of categorization is a convenient and rich domain in understanding how brain works，The current project plans to collect functional imaging data from undergraduated and graduated students during making a spatial category decision. Using multi-voxel pattern analysis(MVPA), complex network analysis approaches and information processing modeling, this project aims to explore the mechanisms of the corticostriatal loops. The measures mainly concerned include the interaction between posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex during abstract encoding of category and its regulatory mechanism, topological organization of large-scale functional brain networks as well hub regions and connectivity, and effective connectivity among key regions in corticostriatal loops. In the end, this project would reveal the mechanisms of corticostriatal loops during category decision. Additionally, the results of our project will give us further understanding of related neurodegenerative disorders, providing an important basis for prevention, intervention and new treatment means of them.

英文关键词： fMRI;category decision;corticostriatal loops;functional brain networks;multi-voxel pattern analysis(MVPA)