高速道岔磨耗非接触数字化测量系统的建模与算法研究

项目名称： 高速道岔磨耗非接触数字化测量系统的建模与算法研究

项目编号： No.51305368

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 陈鹏

作者单位： 西南交通大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 道岔是铁路线路的关键设备，对列车的通过性能和行车安全起着重要的作用。高速道岔作为高速铁路和客运专线轨道结构的关键, 对列车运行安全和运行品质具有重大影响。由于高速道岔的尖轨、心轨和辙叉的工作踏面曲面的复杂性，使通常的卡尺检测的结果难以直观地描述道岔的磨耗，现有的测量设备和方法已不能满足当前高速道岔磨耗检测的要求。本项目针对高速道岔磨耗测量的需求，提出一种高速道岔非接触数字化测量系统，以共形几何代数为工具建立高速道岔磨耗检测系统理论模型，给出系统中几何对象、几何变换和几何关系的统一表达。在此基础上研究高速道岔的三维重建，通过基于共形几何代数的傅里叶描述算子，实现高速道岔工作踏面特征的提取，并将构建的三维模型与高速道岔的设计模型进行比较，完成高速道岔磨耗的测量，为评价高速道岔的舒适性和安全性提供理论支持和技术储备，同时对高铁轨道其它关键零部件结构的测量与监控也具有重要的理论意义和工程价值。

中文关键词： 高速道岔；磨耗；非接触测量；点云数据处理；共形几何代数

英文摘要： Railway switch has its importance on trains moving performance and driving safety as key equipment on the railway line. High-speed switch influences the safety and comfortableness of trains greatly as crucial parts of high-speed and passenger special railway track structure. Due to the complexity of tongue rail, nose rail and frog, it is difficult to describe the wear of switch intuitively with the measurement results from general calipers. Thus, current measurement equipment and methods cannot fulfill the requirement of high-speed switch wear. To resolve above problems in high-speed switch wear measurement, a non-contact digital high-speed switch wear measurement system is proposed. The theoretical model of the system is established based on conformal geometric algebra, and the uniform description of geometrical objects, geometrical transform and geometrical relationship in the system are presented. On this basis, the 3D point clouds reconstruction of the system high-speed switch is studied, and the work tread is recognized by the Fourier descriptor based conformal geometric algebra from the point clouds. By the comparison between the constructed work tread and standard CAD design model, the measurement of high-speed switch is implemented. It provides the theoretical support and technical storage for the evalu

英文关键词： High-speed switch；Wear；Non-contact measurement；Point cloud data processing；Conformal geometric algebra