基于建筑自然通风潜力评估的居住区肌理形态优化方法研究

项目名称： 基于建筑自然通风潜力评估的居住区肌理形态优化方法研究

项目编号： No.51508262

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 尤伟

作者单位： 南京大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 城市微气候与人们的生活品质和健康息息相关。其中自然风环境由于对舒适性、能耗、污染物扩散的多方面影响也逐渐为设计和研究人员所关注，然而，目前研究较多局限于建筑单体以及城市尺度，在它们之间与建筑和规划设计联系紧密的中观尺度研究相对较少，其中部分原因是由于城市几何形态描述较为困难，并且城市形态变化对风场特征影响较为复杂，本研究试图从建筑自然通风潜力评估角度探讨如何优化城市中观层面的居住区肌理形态要素，并在设计操作层面揭示形态指标与风环境特征的关联性，探索一条适合于居住区风环境评估和优化的方法路径。.本研究采用计算机模拟技术进行建筑自然通风潜力的量化分析，为有效实现居住区肌理形态与风环境指标的互动模拟，研究尝试基于Matlab软件平台开发具有自动建模及分析功能的模拟工具，并基于该平台对住宅建筑的间距、高度、布局、朝向等基本肌理形态参数进行分析，从设计的操作层面探讨居住区肌理形态优化的科学方法。

中文关键词： 居住区肌理；形态优化；风环境特征；关联性分析；计算机模拟

英文摘要： Urban microclimate relates closely to the living quality and healthy of people. And more designers and researchers have paid close attention to the natural wind environment of the residential district due to its multi-effects on living comfort, energy consumption and pollutant dispersion. However, most of the researches recently confined to single building or whole city scale. The intermediate scale, which would be the most promising for the architect and urban designer is relatively unexplored. This lack can be partially attributed to the difficulty of modeling the geometry of the city and estimating its influence on the flow characteristics. This research attempts to explore how to optimize residential district fabric from the perspective of evaluating the potentials of building natural ventilation, and bring to light into the relationship between district form parameters and wind field features on an operational level. And at last, a method route which is suited to the wind environment optimization of residential district is explored..In this research, the computer simulation technology is adopted to quantify the potentials of building natural ventilation. And to realize the interactive modeling between residential district form and wind environment index, an analysis tool, which can automatically generate the geometrical model and perform calculation, is developed by Matlab software. Based on this tool, the basic control parameters, which include building separation distance, height, distribution and orientations, are analyzed. And scientific methods of optimizing the residential district fabric are concluded from an design operational -level.

英文关键词： residential district fabric;form optimization;wind field feature;relationship analysis;computer simulation technology