城市大气颗粒物重金属污染特征及健康风险评估

项目名称： 城市大气颗粒物重金属污染特征及健康风险评估

项目编号： No.41271511

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 钱新

作者单位： 南京大学

项目金额： 70万元

中文摘要： 以长三角典型城市-南京市为研究对象，分析四季及雾霾天气下城市不同功能区大气颗粒物TSP、PM10、PM2.5和PM1.0的浓度及其中13种主要重金属的含量，研究南京市大气重金属的时空分布和污染特征。结合单颗粒微观形态分析技术和多元线性回归等数学方法对其可能的主要来源进行识别，揭示人类活动对大气重金属污染的影响。同时，在人群活动密集区，监测并分析粗颗粒物PM10和细颗粒物PM2.5中重金属的赋存形态和生物可利用性，并对其所带来的健康风险进行评估。在此基础上，利用人工神经网络和支持向量机等非线性数学工具，研究大气颗粒物中重金属含量对大气物理化学因子、大气颗粒物浓度的响应，综合"大气颗粒物-重金属污染-人群健康风险"的相关关系，建立符合我国城市大气重金属污染特征的健康风险快速评估模型。研究结果可为城市大气重金属污染防控，加强大气环境管理提供支撑。

中文关键词： 大气颗粒物；重金属；污染特征；健康风险；快速预测

英文摘要： Abstract: This study will investigate concentrations of 13 heavy metals in TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 as well as the mass concentrations of particulate matter collected on clear and hazy days in four seasons from different areas in Nanjing, a typical city of Yangtze River Delta. Some exploration is then to be made on seasonal variation, spatial distribution and pollution characteristics of atmospheric heavy metals of Nanjing city. Individual particulates analysis and multiple linear regression analysis would be performed to evaluate the potential sources and human influence on atmospheric heavy metals pollution. Chemical speciation of heavy metals associated with coarse particle (PM10) and fine particle (PM2.5) will be analyzed in the area with concentrated human activities in Nanjing. Then human health risk will be assessed using U.S. EPA's mode1 after considering the bioavailability of atmospheric heavy metals. On this basis, what is needed to be studied next is the response relationship of mass concentrations of particulate matter, atmospheric physicochemical factors and concentrations of heavy metals with the help of non-linear mathematical methods like artificial neural networks and support vector machines in MATLAB environment. A rapid health risk assessment model will be proposed which is accord with char

英文关键词： Airborne particulate matter；Heavy metals；Pollution characteristics；Health risk；Rapid prediction