模拟矿物纳米孔在吸附作用中的尺寸和表面效应实验研究

项目名称： 模拟矿物纳米孔在吸附作用中的尺寸和表面效应实验研究

项目编号： No.41473064

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 万泉

作者单位： 中国科学院地球化学研究所

项目金额： 95万元

中文摘要： 纳米孔隙结构普遍存在于岩石、土壤、沉积物、矿物、有机质甚至生物体中。矿物纳米孔的吸附行为被认为在许多重要地球科学领域可能发挥关键作用，比如风化、微量元素富集、页岩气、环境污染、生物可利用性、碳循环等。然而，矿物纳米孔及其孔特征如何在吸附过程中发挥作用尚不清楚。本着纳米地球科学的认识角度，我们提出矿物纳米孔的孔尺寸和表面效应是理解其特殊吸附机制的关键。我们将定量地控制合成纳米孔二氧化硅的孔尺寸和表面化学特征，并将其作为模拟矿物纳米孔应用于微量元素和有机物吸附的系统实验研究。本项目旨在获取模拟矿物纳米孔吸附实验的可靠数据，阐明各相关因素特别是孔特征在吸附过程中的作用和微观机理，进而推导基于矿物纳米孔微观作用机制且能够解释宏观吸附规律的吸附模型。本项目研究获得的基础科研数据和发现将在资源、环境、能源、生态等多个领域有着潜在的应用价值。

中文关键词： 纳米地球化学；纳米矿物学；纳米孔；表面；二氧化硅

英文摘要： Nanoporous structures are ubiquitously found in rocks, soil, sediments, minerals, organic matters, and even organisms. It was thought that sorption behavior of mineral nanopores might have played a critical role in many important earth science research areas, such as weathering, trace element enrichment, shale gas, environmental polution, bioavailability, and carbon cycling, etc. Yet, fundamental knowledge gap still exists concerning how mineral nanopores and associated pore characteristics influence sorption processes. Based on the perspective of nanogeoscience, we propose that the effects of pore size and surface chemistry are the key to the understanding of special sorption mechanism involving mineral nanopores. We will first synthesize nanoporous silica materials, quantitatively change their pore size and surface chemistry, and subsequently use them as model mineral nanopores to systematically test their role in the sorption uptake of trace elements and organic compounds. We aim to collect reliable experimental data from this controlled sorption study using model mineral nanopore, clarify the effects and microscopic mechanisms of involved experimental factors especially the pore characteristics in the sorption process, and eventually derive a reasonable sorption model that can consistently bridge the gap between mineral nanopore-associated microscopic interaction mechanisms and macroscopic experimental observations. The scientific basic results and new findings anticipated from this project are believed to have significant implications in many related areas including resources, environment, energy, ecology and so on.

英文关键词： nanogeochemistry;nanomineralogy;nanopores;surface;silica