用电子学方法实现地震勘探动圈检波器性能改进的研究

项目名称： 用电子学方法实现地震勘探动圈检波器性能改进的研究

项目编号： No.41274184

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 宋克柱

作者单位： 中国科学技术大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 从我国地震勘探的实际需求出发，深入研究动圈式地震传感器（geophone）和微机电系统传感器（MEMS）的动力学方程和性能指标。提出在不改变机械结构的条件下，在Geophone的输出端附加一个电磁力反馈电路，根据动圈检波器电磁力的动力学特性设计反馈电路结构和参数，利用电子学方法对线圈的电磁力进行控制，增大线圈的电磁感应和电子阻尼，从而改进检波器的线性和动态范围，降低失真度，改进低频特性和频率响应的带宽。为了能在实验室测试，研究用直流激励法及高精度ADC读出检波器的输出波形，用数字滤波和计算波形参数的方法测量自然振动频率、阻尼系数等各项参数。建立仿真和测试平台，优化设计参数。我们预期，改进后的Geophone，可以在较长时间内同MEMS传感器共存，在提高勘探精度的同时继续发挥其廉价和使用方便的优势，使我国掌握高性能新型地震传感器的技术和核心知识产权，从而提高我国石油勘探公司在国际上的竞争力。

中文关键词： 地震勘探；检波器；电磁反馈；直流激励法；频率响应

英文摘要： The goal of this proposal is to meet the demands in seismic exploration in China today. After deep researching on the dynamical equations and performance indexes of moving-coil geophone and MEMS-based sensor, we propose that adding an electromagnetic force feedback circuit at the output end of the geophone to improve its performance without change of the physical construction. The structure and parameters of the feedback circuit is designed according to the dynamic characteristics of the moving-coil geophone. It is effective to improve the linear range, dynamic range, bandwidth, low-frequency characteristics and to reduce the distortion by increasing the electromagnetic induction and electronic damping which is achieved by the well control of the electromagnetic force based-on electronic theory. In order to be able to test in laboratory, we will use DC excitation method and read the output wave of the sensor with the high-precision ADC. And we'll use digital filter and calculate the waveform parameters to measure the indexes such as natural frequency, damping, etc. We will also setup a platform for simulation and test to optimize the added circuit parameters. We anticipate that the improved geophone will coexist with MEMS in a long time. The improved geophone will enhance the exploration accuracy while maintaini

英文关键词： seismic exploration；geophone；electromagnetic feedback；DC exciting；frequency response