水中典型含氮除草剂在消毒过程的降解机制与高致毒性含氮消毒副产物产生特性

项目名称： 水中典型含氮除草剂在消毒过程的降解机制与高致毒性含氮消毒副产物产生特性

项目编号： No.41301536

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 胡晨燕

作者单位： 上海电力学院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 微污染原水中广泛检出的人工除草剂是水中溶解性有机氮（DON）的重要组成部分，这些除草剂（N-herbicides）本身具有较强的致毒特性，同时可与水处理常用消毒剂（氧化剂）发生反应生成强"三致"的含氮消毒副产物（N-DBPs）。课题将在前期研究的基础上，以原水中检出频率较高的氨基类、取代脲类、硝基酚类N-herbicides为研究对象，考察其在饮用水消毒工艺中的转化特性和降解机理；建立N-herbicides在氯（胺）化、臭氧氧化过程中的降解动力学模型，求算基元反应速率；辨析氯(胺)化和臭氧氧化降解途径和产物；探索氯(胺)化过程生成C-DBP和N-DBPs的规律、掌握臭氧氧化后DBPs生成潜能变化规律；明晰N-herbicides在饮用水净水工艺中不同的变趋行为，并探明重要影响因素和削减方法；最终为我国微污染原水处理工艺中N-herbicides与N-DBPs控制，提供可靠的理论支持。

中文关键词： 含氮除草剂；氯化和氯胺化；含氮消毒副产物；臭氧氧化；饮用水消毒

英文摘要： The widely detected nitrogenious herbicides (N-herbicides) compose the major contents of dissolved organic nitrgen in micro-polluted waters. More and more attention has been focused on these chemicals not only due to their strong toxicity, but formation of toxic nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) with very high carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and mutagenicity during disinfection procees in drinking water treatment. Based on the previous research, the widely detected N-herbicides including amino,ureas,nitrophenols were selected in this proposal. Fate and degradation pathys of these typical N-herbicides in disinfection treatment of drinking water will be investigated including (1) kinetics of N-herbicides degradation by ozonation and chlor(am)ination as well as calculation of elementary reaction rate; (2) degradation pathways and identification of degradation byproducts during ozonation and chlor(am)ination; (3) formation of carbonaceous and nitrogenious disinfeciton byproducts during chlor(am)ination as well as the formation potential during ozonation ;(4) fate of the typical N-herbicides in different disinfection units of the water purification process as well as the control methods. As shown above, the reliable and integrated theory of N-herbicides control in depth processing of micro-polluted sour

英文关键词： Nitrogenous herbicides；Chlor(am)ination；N-DBPs；Ozonation；Drinking water disinfection