项目名称: 工业活动衍生环境因素扰动作用下土壤中重金属的反应性传输机制
项目编号: No.41301241
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 吴骏
作者单位: 中国科学院南京土壤研究所
项目金额: 26万元
中文摘要: 针对复杂工业活动累积效应下重金属经由土壤剖面污染区域地下水的重要环境过程,本申请项目拟选择加速其垂向传输的关键媒介土壤水溶性有机物(DOM,<450 nm)为切入点,利用先进的膜分离技术,并组合运用多种现代光谱学工具与化学计量学方法(主要采用三维荧光光谱-平行因子分析、二维红外相关光谱分析),辅以新兴的纳米尺度表征技术与高等结构分析方法(主要采用纳米粒子探针质谱、高分辨透射电镜、微束同步辐射技术),深入剖析土壤DOM中溶解相(<1nm)、可移动纳微级胶体颗粒(1-450nm)与重金属交互作用的微界面过程,从介质反应性界面结构演变规律的视角揭示关键环境因子(pH与离子强度)阻控重金属传输过程的分子机制,藉此探讨典型工业输入(酸性与含盐负荷重金属废液)淋溶模式下土壤中重金属的选择性赋存与反应性传输机制,为全面认识工业场地地下环境重金属污染过程提供科学依据。
中文关键词: 重金属;水溶性有机物;可移动纳米颗粒;反应性界面结构;二维红外相关光谱
英文摘要: The transport of heavy metals from topsoil to groundwater in industrial area will lead to regional environmental pollution. This proposal will focus on soil dissolved organic matter (DOM, <450nm) that played a key role in facilitating contaminant transport. Using a combination of several advanced research tools including membrane separation technique, modern spectroscopy instruments and multidimensional chemometric analytical methods (fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEM) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), two-dimensional fourier transform infrared (FTIR) correlation spectroscopy, nano secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), synchrotron radiation-induced micro-X-ray fluorescence (SR-μXRF) and micro-X-ray fine structure (μXAFS)), the objectives of the proposal are to 1) identify the differences of binding behavior between various fractions of DOM (including dissolved phase, mobile nano particles (1-100nm) and submicron particles (100-450nm)) and heavy metals; 2) interpret the inherent molecular mechanisms for how key environmental factors (pH and ionic strength) controlled the transport behavior by characterizing media interfacial structures; 3) reveal the evolution (selective sorption and reactive transport) of heavy metals
英文关键词: heavy metal;dissolved organic matter;mobile nano-particle;reactive interfacial structure;two-dimensional fourier transform infrared correla