蓝鲨胸鳍弹性形变描述函数及其流固耦合受力特性研究

项目名称： 蓝鲨胸鳍弹性形变描述函数及其流固耦合受力特性研究

项目编号： No.51309150

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 胡庆松

作者单位： 上海海洋大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 蓝鲨具有高效率和远距离的巡游模式，其胸鳍起到重要的平衡和稳定作用，蓝鲨从形体和游动姿态来说接近AUV等海工装备，以胸鳍为突破口进行相关研究对于提升AUV运动水平具有重要意义。胸鳍表面形变、厚度、弹性和曲率分布等随环境流场状况变化而自适应调整，这种调整会缓冲鱼体巡游过程中的受力不稳定性，并有助于吸收环境水流动量用于前进，有效减小能耗损失，提升运动效率。构建包含弹性分布等描述函数的流固耦合计算方法计算胸鳍水流冲击下的弹性形变，可以获得与环境参数相关的受力分布及其周期性变化规律。进一步研究这种周期性受力变化弥合外界环境参数不稳定的机制，得到鱼体运动平稳性、动力和效率的提升幅度。在动水槽中利用DPIV技术进行胸鳍弹性形变观测，对新的受力特性计算方法实施修正。新的弹性流固耦合计算方法有助于获得水下生物结构体流场下的形变受力分布和动力效率，为相关仿生材料制备和AUV等装备性能提升提供指导。

中文关键词： 蓝鲨胸鳍；弹性形变；描述函数；流固耦合；受力特性

英文摘要： Prionace glauca employs high efficient and long distance cruising mode and the pectoral fins play key role in keeping body blancing and stable. Prionace glauca is similar with the AUV equipment as for structure and cruising　posture. Taking pectoral fins as the breakthrough point to conduct relative research is impportant to improve the AUV motion control level.Spread of pectoral fin surface deformation,thickness,elasticity and curvature automatically varies with the surrounding flow field. The variation will buffer the instability in cruising and help to absorb the water momentum of the surrounding flow field to forward, which will dramatically decerease the energy cost and improve the moving efficiency. Fluid solid coupling computation method including elasticity describing function etc. is constructed to calculate the pectoral fin deformation confronting to the flow fluent. The stress variation and its period feature corresponding with the envionment factors can be obtained. Furthermore, the buffer mechanism of the instable surrounding environment factors from the periodical variable stress is to be researched to seek the improvement ratio of the cruising stability, power and efficiency. Revise the new stress characteristic computation method by DPIV technique to observe the elastic deformation in the water ta

英文关键词： Prionace glauca pectoral fin；elastic deformation；description function；fluid-solid coupling；stress characteristic