大电流高接触压强高速滑动电接触熔化磨损特性研究

项目名称： 大电流高接触压强高速滑动电接触熔化磨损特性研究

项目编号： No.51307068

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 陈立学

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 固体电枢电磁轨道发射装置中电枢与轨道是一种脉冲大电流密度、高接触压强、高速条件下的滑动电接触副。电枢/轨道界面转捩问题是制约其应用的关键技术之一。已有的研究成果表明电枢/轨道界面由于过大的磨损导致的失接触是引起转捩的重要原因之一。而在大电流密度、高接触压强和高速条件下，熔化磨损是电枢/轨道界面磨损的主要作用机理。本项目旨在进行电枢/轨道界面熔化磨损特性研究。基于对影响熔化磨损的电流密度、接触压强和速度等因素的控制，通过摩擦磨损实验研究作用因素对熔化磨损的影响机理和作用规律。根据实验结果，并结合电枢/轨道界面的热过程分析，研究电枢熔化磨损与界面热过程的关系。

中文关键词： 滑动电接触；熔化磨损；大电流；高接触压强；高速

英文摘要： It is a typical sliding electrical contact with pulse high current density ，high contact pressure and high speed between armature and rail in solid armature electromagnetic railgun. Transition to arcing contact between armature and rail prevents the railgun usage goal. Until now, there is still no widely accepted theory to explain transition. Thus, it is very important to study the mechanism of transition to promote development of railgun. The loss of contact originates from excessive armature/rail contact surface wear is considered as one of the most important transition mechanisms. In the conditions of high current density, high contact pressure and high speed, melting has been identified as the dominating wear mechanism in armature/rail contact pair. This project aims to study the armature/rail interface melting wear characteristics. Based on the control of current density, contact pressure and speed, the mechanism of melting wear will be studied in experiments. According to the experimental results, and combining with the thermal process analysis of the armature/rail interface, relationship between armature melting wear and interface heat balance will be researched.

英文关键词： sliding electric contact；melting wear；high current；high contact pressure；high speed