组学工具研究拟威克酵母变种的槐糖脂合成酶系及调控机制

项目名称： 组学工具研究拟威克酵母变种的槐糖脂合成酶系及调控机制

项目编号： No.31270089

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 宋欣

作者单位： 山东大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 以微生物发酵得到的生物表面活性剂替代石化来源的化学合成的表面活性剂，是克服资源、环境危机的战略举措。槐糖脂的合成酶系及其合成调控网络非常复杂，对于相关酶系的分子生物学研究仍然较少。我国具有自主知识产权的产槐糖脂的拟威克酵母菌株变种经低能氮离子注入技术获得了多种不同特性的突变株,其原始菌株正在开始进行全基因组测序，拟在此基础上，应用基因组学技术研究槐糖脂合成调控网络中的主要基因的调控，对主要酶基因进行克隆,进行基因敲除/过表达,通过转录组学研究在不同的氮源条件下此酵母菌株槐糖脂合成相关基因对氮源的响应情况，获得槐糖脂合成相关基因的表达谱，深入阐明槐糖脂在转录水平上的合成调控机制。研究结果将为菌株的遗传改造提供合理的靶点,有助于提高槐糖脂的产量和降低成本，具有重要的实践意义，同时其研究成果可为阐明其他具有相似结构的表面活性剂（如鼠李糖脂）的合成调控机制提供重要参考，具有重要的理论意义。

中文关键词： 槐糖脂；基因组注释；基因敲除；过表达；异源表达

英文摘要： Surfactants are known as "industrial monosodium glutamate", have attracted more attention for their increasing application in a variety of industrial area. Biosurfactants are produced by microorganisms and take great advantages over chemically-synthesized surfactants and the replacement of chemical surfactants by biosurfactants can mitigate resources and environmental crisis. Sophorolipids produced by a selected species of yeasts were one of the most important biosurfactants. The synthetic enzymes and the regulation and control network involved in sophorolipid production were very complicated, genetic information was almost unavailable. The sophorolipid-producing patent strain, Wickerhamiella domercqiae var. sophorolipid, was mutated to obtain several mutant strains of different traits by low energy nitrogen ion implantation, the whole genome of wild strain was being sequenced. On the basis of the previous studies, the work aims to investigate the main genes and enzymes involved in the synthetic pathway of sophorolipids. Cloning, gene knockout and overexpression of the main enzyme genes related with sophorolipid prodcution will be used to study the function of these genes in sophorolipid synthesis; In addition, by exploring those genes that caused the changes of phenotypes including high production of total SLs

英文关键词： sophorolipid；annotation of genome；gene knockdown；gene overexpression；heterogenous expression