气助超顺磁分离去除废水中重金属污染物的方法研究

项目名称： 气助超顺磁分离去除废水中重金属污染物的方法研究

项目编号： No.21506180

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 李文松

作者单位： 湘潭大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 如何去除废水中的重金属污染物以消除其环境危害，是当前亟待解决的重要环境问题。超顺磁分离技术作为一种高效的废水中重金属污染物去除技术，最近几年已成为研究热点。针对该技术存在的瓶颈问题：超顺磁分离过程难以放大和连续，本项目将气浮耦合到超顺磁分离过程中，提出气助超顺磁分离方法。以Cr(VI)为模型重金属污染物，研究气浮与超顺磁分离过程耦合方式及其对超顺磁性颗粒的远距离捕获性能，获取各参数对过程的调控规律，建立易于放大的气助超顺磁分离过程；通过接触角、Zeta电位和原子力胶体探针表征气泡和超顺磁性颗粒间的表面作用力，结合实验结果和颗粒受力分析与计算，阐明气助超顺磁分离过程机理；在此基础上，开展气助超顺磁分离过程的连续化实现方法、连续装置及过程的优化研究，建立连续的气助超顺磁分离过程。本项目将为超顺磁分离技术用于规模化去除废水中重金属污染物提供方法基础和放大依据。

中文关键词： 分离技术；磁分离；重金属离子

英文摘要： How to remove heavy metal pollutants from waste water has been an urgent problem for current environment protection. An efficient technology of superparamagnetic separation for removal of heavy metal pollutants from waste water has been the research focus in last several years. However, this technology suffers from a large-scale bottleneck problem that superparamagnetic separation process is difficult to be scaled up and to become continuous. To solve the problem, a gas-assisted superparamagnetic separation method, which couples flotation and superparamagnetic separation process, is proposed in this project. Firstly, Cr(VI) as model heavy metal pollutants, the gas-assisted superparamagnetic separation process with the merit of easy scale-up is established by studying the coupling mode of flotation and superparamagnetic separation process, the separation performance of this coupling process for long-distance capture of superparamagnetic particles from the solution, and the regulating rules of process parameters on this remote capture. Then, to illuminate the mechanism of proposed gas-assisted superparamagnetic separation process, the analysis and calculation of the forces on the superparamagnetic particles in this process is done, and the surface forces between bubbles and superparamagnetic particles are characterized by the measurement of contact angle, Zeta potential, and atomic force colloid probe technology. The final conclusions bases on the consistency of experimental facts and above analysis of forces in this process. Finally, the continuous gas-assisted superparamagnetic separation process is set up by investigating the continuous method, continuous device, and process optimization in this process. This project will provide the basic method and scale-up basis for superparamagnetic separation technology for large-scale removal of heavy metal pollutants from waste water.

英文关键词： Separation technology;Magnetic separation;Heavy metal ions