基于智能金属橡胶支承结构的转子振动主动控制技术

项目名称： 基于智能金属橡胶支承结构的转子振动主动控制技术

项目编号： No.51475021

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 张大义

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 转子振动主动控制是解决转子变工况运转时振动过大的有效途径，目前研制的多种主动变刚度元件或因承载能力有限导致无法单独作为主支承结构，或因阻尼过小导致过临界时振动响应大及稳定性差，或因控制结构过于复杂导致可靠性差，限制了转子振动主动控制原理的实现。本项目基于最新研制成功的记忆合金金属橡胶这一功能性材料，利用其高承载能力（屈服极限可达100MPa；刚度可设计至5e7N/m）、大阻尼性能（损耗因子0.15~0.3），大刚度变化范围（可达2.6倍）的优势，设计出高效可靠的变刚度支承结构，试验获取常温/高温下支承结构力学性能的关键影响参数和影响规律。在此基础上，将其应用于转子振动主动控制，发展含慢时变参数的强非线性转子系统动力特性求解理论，试验验证智能金属橡胶刚度主动变化对转子振动抑制的有效性，揭示主动变刚度过程中转子系统的振动响应特征，最终建立全转速范围内低振动响应的转子振动主动控制技术。

中文关键词： 振动主动控制；转子动力学；形状记忆合金；金属橡胶；变刚度

英文摘要： Active vibration control is an efficient way to solve the vibration problem of a flexible rotor operating at multi-speed. Many sorts of smart supports with variable stiffness were developed to cater to this demand, however their obvious shortages limited the engineering application, such as the unsuitability to be used as the main support due to their low carrying capacity, or the high vibration response while getting through the critical speed due to the small damping, or the low reliability due to the too complex control structures. The project aims at a novel smart support with variable stiffness, which is derived from a new function material named Shape Memory Alloy Metal Rubber (SMAMR). SMAMR possesses many advantage features, such as high carrying capacity (yield limit researches 100MPa; stiffness researches 5e7N/m), high damping (loss factor is from 0.15 to 0.3), wide variable range for stiffness (range researches 2.6 times). The configuration design of this smart support is to be put forward and the mechanical properties of the smart support are to be investigated at normal and high temperature, as a result the key influencing parameters and their influencing laws are to be obtained. Further, the theoretical model and numerical method for a typical flexible rotor with time-varying parameters including stiffness, damping and exciting force are to be established. Through theoretical method and experimental validation, the active vibration control for the flexible rotor by the stiffness variation is to be studied, and the vibration response characteristics are to be revealed, therefore the active vibration control technique for the flexible rotor in the full operating rotational speed range is to be achieved.

英文关键词： active vibration control;rotor dynamics;shape memory alloy;metal rubber;variable stiffness