寒温带黑土区沼泽湿地中氨氧化微生物生态学研究

项目名称： 寒温带黑土区沼泽湿地中氨氧化微生物生态学研究

项目编号： No.31470543

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 梁红

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 本课题拟以中国东北寒温带黑土区沼泽湿地生境中氨氧化微生物为研究对象，应用微生物生态学、宏基因组学等相关学科的理论与技术，对氨氧化微生物在自然湿地生境中的分布规律，其群落结构对人为扰动因素和季节变化的响应，以及其代谢产生的温室气体对环境的反馈作用进行研究。将陆地生境与水生生境过渡地带的沼泽湿地作为研究区域，结合东北寒温带黑土区代表性的土壤环境和气候条件等地域特点，明确氨氧化微生物在沼泽湿地生境中的分布规律与生态功能，同时，考察环境因子对氨氧化微生物群落结构与生态功能的影响和这种影响带来的环境效应，探寻影响沼泽湿地生境中氨氧化微生物群落结构与功能的关键生态因子，揭示沼泽湿地生境中氨氧化微生物对环境因子的响应及反馈机制，进而将氨氧化微生物介导的氮代谢过程与全球变化联系起来，研究结果为氨氧化微生物生理生态学研究和氨氧化微生物介导的氮代谢过程对全球变化的响应与反馈机制提供科学依据与理论支持。

中文关键词： 土壤微生物群落结构；环境因子；微生物生态；宏基因组学；土壤微生物多样性

英文摘要： This study will focus on the distribution of ammonia-oxidizing microbes and the response of its community composition and function on the environmental factors, such as the artificial manipulation and seasonal change, in the black soils of the northeastern China swamps. The molecular biological methods such as clone libraries, high-throughput sequencing RT-PCR will be used. The area, which is with specific soil components and typical climate, is of remarkable advantages. The work will connect the nitrogen metabolic performed by the ammonia-oxidizing microbes with the globe environmental change, then reveal the distribution and ecological function of the ammonia-oxidizing microbes, the key environmental factors and the response and feedback between the ammonia-oxidizing microbes and the environmental factors in the wetland soils. The results may give a clue on the relationship between the community function of the ammonia-oxidizing microbes and the environmental change of the ecological system. The result may also be an important foundation of the ecology and physiology research of the ammonia-oxidizing microbes and give more theory supporting on the subsequently researches, and will support the subsequent researches on the relationship between the nitrogen metabolic that performed by the ammonia-oxidizing microbes and the global change.

英文关键词： Soil microbial community structure;Environmental factor;Microbial ecology;Metagenome;Soil microbial diversity