铬(Ⅵ)污染环境微生物群落的协同应答机理研究

项目名称： 铬(Ⅵ)污染环境微生物群落的协同应答机理研究

项目编号： No.51504298

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 刘宏伟

作者单位： 中南大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 我国20%以上的土壤和地下水污染由含铬废弃物造成，目前对六价铬污染环境的微生物还原修复存在现场还原铬(Ⅵ)的效率较实验室低、菌种适应能力较差的问题，且鲜有关于此环境微生物群落协同还原Cr(Ⅵ)的群体响应机理的深入报道，导致在选择生物修复手段及修复策略时，针对不同铬污染形式和程度鲜有能相互借鉴的微生物分子生态学参考信息。有鉴于此，我们拟运用第二代高通量测序等手段深入研究微生物群落对不同铬污染环境的协同应答机理，揭示其中微生物群落结构、种群丰度和系统发育关系，构建与铬(Ⅵ)还原相关的微生物分子生态网络，并结合环境因子的生物统计学分析研究与铬(Ⅵ)还原有关的微生物类群之间的协同作用，以阐明铬污染环境中不同微生物类群之间的协同关系以及环境因子对其的影响，验证自然状态重金属协迫时微生物类群之间相互作用的微生物生态学相关机理，为生物修复铬污染厂矿及周边环境时选择微生物强化手段及修复策略提供依据与参考。

中文关键词： 铬(Ⅵ)污染；微生物修复；协同作用；宏基因组

英文摘要： 20% of soil and underground water contamination in China is caused by chromium containing effluents and solid wastes. Compared with the lab experiment, the on-site microbial remediation of Cr(Ⅵ) contamination was less efficient and the strains reducing Cr(Ⅵ) were less adaptable. Meanwhile, rare research reported the synergistic interaction in microbial community of Cr(Ⅵ) contaminated environment recently. Thus, the above situation leads to rare referencing information of microbial molecular ecology on different level and form of Cr(Ⅵ) contamination when choosing microbial remediation methods and strategies. In view of this, we are going to apply the second generation high-throughput sequencing technologies to investigate the synergistic response mechanism of microbial community to different Cr(Ⅵ) contaminated environment, to reveal the microbial community structure, population richness and phylogenetic relationship, to construct Cr(Ⅵ) reduction related Molecular Ecological Networks, and to study the synergistic interaction among different microorganism groups combining with biostatistical analysis of environmental factors. The above research can clarify the synergistic interaction among different microorganism groups and the influences caused by environmental factors in Cr(Ⅵ) contaminated environment, verify the microbial ecological mechanism on interaction among different microorganism groups in heavy metal contaminated environment, and provides scientific basis and reference resources for choosing appropriate microbial enhancing method and bioremediation strategy on microbial remediating Cr(Ⅵ) contaminated environment around factories and mines.

英文关键词： Hexavalent chromium contamination;Microbial remediation;synergistic interaction;Metagenome