油菜种质资源抗旱性鉴定技术体系构建及耐旱分子机理解析

项目名称： 油菜种质资源抗旱性鉴定技术体系构建及耐旱分子机理解析

项目编号： No.31271763

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 张书芬

作者单位： 河南省农业科学院

项目金额： 70万元

中文摘要： 油菜作为重要的油料作物，在主要农作物中抗旱性较差，极易遭受干旱的伤害。因此，构建油菜抗旱性鉴定技术体系，研究油菜的耐旱机理，对于油菜抗旱种质资源筛选评价及抗旱品种培育具有重要意义。 本研究运用生理生化分析、农艺性状考查与远红外热成像、叶绿素荧光成像技术相结合，水培、盆栽与田间干旱处理相结合的方法，系统研究油菜不同生育时期干旱胁迫的生物学过程，建立快速、准确、简便、易行的油菜抗旱种质资源的筛选、鉴定技术体系，筛选获得耐旱种质资源。在此基础上，以筛选出的耐旱和旱敏感品种（系）为材料，运用转录组测序（RNA-seq）技术分析干旱诱导和非诱导胁迫处理的转录组表达信息，获得mRNA基因的表达类型及其丰度信息，通过基因芯片杂交及生物信息学分析，获得油菜抗旱相关候选基因的时空表达谱，并通过比较基因组和生物信息学分析，构建油菜干旱相关的基因调控网络，发掘油菜干旱响应的关键节点基因，揭示油菜的抗旱机理。

中文关键词： 油菜种质资源；抗旱；抗旱性鉴定；耐旱分子机理；转录组测序

英文摘要： Rapeseed, as an important oil crop, is inclined to be subjected drought injury due to its relatively sensitive to drought stress among the primary crops. Therefore, it is of great significance for the screening and evaluation of the drought-resistant rapeseed germplasm, and the breeding of drought-resistant varities to construct the identification system of drought resistance and study the mechanism of drought-resistant in Brassica napus L. To research into the biological process of drought stress at different stage of rapeseed growth in a systematic way and establish rapid, accurate, simple and practical screening and identification technique system for drought-resistan rapeseed germplasm resources, the approaches of physiological and biochemical analysis, agronomic traits investigation, combining far IR thermography and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging will be employed. At the same time, solution culture, potted experiment and field drought treatment will be carried out. Using the screening and identification technique system, some drought-resistance rapeseed germplasm resources would be obtained. On that basis of the results above, drought-resistant and drought-sensitive varieties will be used to further analyze. The mRNA expression types and levels of transcriptional profile in the drought stress and control

英文关键词： Rapeseed germplasms；Drought-resistance；Drought resistance identification；Drought-resistance mechanism；Transcriptome sequencing