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偏振光导航,便宜又节能
全球定位系统(GPS)的出现完全改变了我们导航的方式,但其它动物早就拥有自己的内置导航系统了,例如蚂蚁和蜜蜂。
“它们的眼睛对偏振光(polarized light)非常敏感,而天空有一种特定的偏振光模式,该模式与太阳的位置有关。”爱丁堡大学(University of Edinburgh)的生物机器人学家芭芭拉·韦伯(Barbara Webb)说。
如果你拿一副偏光太阳镜对着天空旋转,穿过镜片的光线会随着旋转角度不同而发生变化,就可以让你直接看到偏振光。韦伯说,这些昆虫复眼的小眼表面自带偏光功能。
“这就等同于在复眼上覆盖了一个迷你的偏振方向滤光片,或者有很多副朝向各异的偏光太阳镜。”
但令韦伯好奇的是,天空中真的有足够的光线信息让昆虫有精确的方向感吗?因此,她的团队……[查看全文]
For Ants, the Sky's the Compass
GPS has completely transformed how we get around. But other animals have long had their navigation systems built right in—like ants and bees.
“We know their eyes are quite sensitive to polarized light, and the sky has a particular pattern of polarized light, relative to the position of the sun.” Barbara Webb, a bioroboticist at the University of Edinburgh.
You can see polarized light firsthand if you take a pair of polarized sunglasses and rotate them against the sky—the light passing through the lenses changes. Webb says the insects have polarization built into facets of their compound eyes.
“You can think of it as the equivalent of having a little polarization directional filter over them or lots of sunglasses pointed in different directions.”
But Webb was curious whether there’s really enough information in the sky to give insects an accurate sense of direction. So her team…[read more]
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