We introduce a secure hardware device named a QEnclave that can secure the remote execution of quantum operations while only using classical controls. This device extends to quantum computing the classical concept of a secure enclave which isolates a computation from its environment to provide privacy and tamper-resistance. Remarkably, our QEnclave only performs single-qubit rotations, but can nevertheless be used to secure an arbitrary quantum computation even if the qubit source is controlled by an adversary. More precisely, attaching a QEnclave to a quantum computer, a remote client controlling the QEnclave can securely delegate its computation to the server solely using classical communication. We investigate the security of our QEnclave by modeling it as an ideal functionality named Remote State Rotation. We show that this resource, similar to previously introduced functionality of remote state preparation, allows blind delegated quantum computing with perfect security. Our proof relies on standard tools from delegated quantum computing. Working in the Abstract Cryptography framework, we show a construction of remote state preparation from remote state rotation preserving the security. An immediate consequence is the weakening of the requirements for blind delegated computation. While previous delegated protocols were relying on a client that can either generate or measure quantum states, we show that this same functionality can be achieved with a client that only transforms quantum states without generating or measuring them.
翻译:我们引入了一个名为 QEnclave 的安全硬件设备, 它可以确保量子操作的远程执行, 而只能使用古典控制器。 这个设备可以扩展至量子计算安全飞地的经典概念, 将安全飞地的经典概念从环境中分离出来, 以提供隐私和篡改阻力。 值得注意的是, 我们的 QEnclave 只能进行单方位旋转, 但仍然可以用来确保任意量子计算, 即使对子源由对手控制。 更准确地说, 将QEclave 附加到量子计算机上, 控制 QEnclave 的远程客户可以安全地将其计算委托给服务器, 仅使用古典通信 。 我们调查我们Qclave 的安全性, 将它从环境中分离出来, 将它作为名为远程国家旋转的理想功能。 我们显示, 我们的这种资源, 与先前引入的远程状态准备功能类似, 允许盲授权量子计算, 我们的证据依赖于被授权的量子计算标准工具 。 在摘要加密框架中, 我们展示从远程状态进行远程的准备保存安全。 。 一个直接的结果是, 我们只能测量客户被授予的 。 。 的功能的功能被授予的 。